{"schema_version":1,"research_id":"eoa_inverse_innovation_exp04_external_evaluation_20260802","source_assessment_id":"negative_space_design__disaster_management:RETRIEVAL_FIRST:v0","cell_id":"negative_space_design__disaster_management","search_queries":["911 dispatcher CAD interface workload human factors information overload study","site:apcointl.org CAD standard dispatcher functional requirements","emergency dispatch CAD incident focus interface units filter product documentation","public safety answering point human factors CAD alerts workload NENA standard","NENA INF 037 PSAP task overload management PDF","site:911.gov dispatcher workload CAD human factors interface information overload","computer aided dispatch system procurement contract cost public safety CAD 2024","BLS public safety telecommunicators wage 2025","filetype:pdf CAD RFP \"user interface\" dispatcher \"Computer Aided Dispatch\" usability public safety","site:.gov CAD RFP dispatcher \"reduce\" workload user interface","site:911.gov CAD procurement dispatcher interface workload","public safety CAD RFP configurable user interface dispatcher dashboard","City of Abilene RFP CB-2633 CAD System 2026 official","site:abilenetx.gov CB-2633 Computer Aided Dispatch CAD","site:motorolasolutions.com PremierOne CAD dispatcher one screen focus incident PDF","Infor Ambulance CAD Commands Guide incident override restriction PDF","NASA display standard modes alerts communication status safety critical display","NRC NUREG CR 6690 interface management tasks performance safety","NUREG CR-6690 volume 2 PDF interface management tasks","NENA INF 037 task overload indicators recommendations minimize overload PDF alternate","\"Emergency (911) Dispatcher Decision Making\" PDF Shively","site:abilenetx.gov 2026 CAD RMS 3 to 5 million annual 500,000 Abilene budget","City Abilene CAD RMS 3 5 million annual 500000 budget 2026"],"sources":[{"source_id":"S1","title":"NENA PSAP Task Overload Management Information Document (NENA-INF-037.1-2019)","publisher":"National Emergency Number Association","url":"https://www.nena.org/resource/resmgr/standards/nena-inf-037_task_overload_m.pdf","source_class":"OFFICIAL_GUIDANCE","publication_date":"2019-01-20","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["PSAP information overload occurs when telecommunicators receive more information than they can process in the available time.","NENA warns that overload and context switching can affect accuracy and speed of call dissemination and increase opportunities for error.","NENA asks vendors and PSAP managers to assess added tasks for feasibility and overload effects."]},{"source_id":"S2","title":"RFP #CB-2633 — Computer Aided Dispatch System Acquisition and Implementation","publisher":"City of Abilene, Texas","url":"https://abilenetx.gov/DocumentCenter/View/40365/CB-2633-Request-for-Proposals-PDF?bidId=","source_class":"GOVERNMENT_OR_REGULATOR","publication_date":"2026-03-29","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["A named municipal buyer is procuring a modern CAD system and expressly seeks better dispatch efficiency and situational awareness.","The RFP requires intuitive role-based views, minimal clicks, and the ability to filter or suppress non-pertinent information by role or discipline.","The same RFP requires visible incident, unit, weather, environmental and hazard information, role-based security, audit trails, CJIS/HIPAA controls, training, resiliency and rollback planning."]},{"source_id":"S3","title":"Computer Aided Dispatch Request for Proposal","publisher":"Kitsap 911","url":"https://www.kitsap911.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Kitsap-911-Computer-Aided-Dispatch-Request-for-Proposal-20241217-FINAL.pdf","source_class":"GOVERNMENT_OR_REGULATOR","publication_date":"2024-12-17","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["Kitsap 911 requires operators to separate or filter active and pending events and units and supports agency/dispatch-group filtering.","The RFP requires configurable visual and audible alerts, workflow macros, persistent safety cautions, emergency alerts that take focus, CJIS compliance, training and continuous-operation cutover planning.","These requirements establish both adopter pull and substantial prior art for configurable filtering, automated workflow and protected safety alerts."]},{"source_id":"S4","title":"CAD Dashboard","publisher":"Unified Solutions","url":"https://support.unified-solutions.io/docs/cad-dashboard/","source_class":"OFFICIAL_PRODUCT_DOCUMENTATION","publication_date":"not stated","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["A commercial CAD dashboard already offers reversible layout selection.","Its Incident/Unit Only layout hides the map and retains incident and unit grids, demonstrating deployed reduced-view functionality during dispatch work."]},{"source_id":"S5","title":"Ambulance CAD Commands Guide","publisher":"Infor","url":"https://support.infor.com/esknowbase/root/DLPublic/11847/Ambulance%20CAD%20Commands_3.pdf","source_class":"OFFICIAL_PRODUCT_DOCUMENTATION","publication_date":"2012","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["Infor CAD supports restrictions of active-call summaries by zones and types and restrictions of waiting-call displays by zones, response areas and unit types.","It provides incident-centering, selectable map content, caution notes, HAZMAT lookup, emergency messages and administrative configuration, showing that filtering must coexist with recoverable safety context."]},{"source_id":"S6","title":"Appendix F: Display Standard","publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","url":"https://www.nasa.gov/reference/appendix-f-vol-2/","source_class":"STANDARD","publication_date":"not stated","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["Safety-critical displays should limit information to task and situation-awareness needs.","Key information such as alerts, system messages and communications status must remain visible in a dedicated area.","Modes must be visually distinct, current state must be indicated, and command outcomes and automation status must be visible."]},{"source_id":"S7","title":"Dispatcher Solutions","publisher":"Motorola Solutions","url":"https://www.motorolasolutions.com/content/dam/msi/docs/products/smart-public-safety-solutions/roles/dispatcher_solution_brief.pdf","source_class":"COMMERCIAL_FIRST_PARTY","publication_date":"not stated","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["PremierOne CAD integrates important CAD and 9-1-1 information on one screen and claims to streamline workflows so dispatchers can focus on incidents.","This is close commercial prior art for incident-centered integration and reduced interface-management burden, although it does not disclose the candidate's complete automatic lifecycle."]},{"source_id":"S8","title":"Emergency (911) Dispatcher Decision Making: Ecological Display Development","publisher":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting / SAGE","url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/154193129503900914","source_class":"PRIMARY_RESEARCH","publication_date":"1995-10","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["Emergency dispatchers make complex life-or-death decisions under extreme time pressure.","A dispatcher display was designed around incident priority, available units and spatial relationships and evaluated at the Richmond, California police dispatch center.","The reported results suggested possible situational-awareness and training benefits, but did not test automatic chrome suppression."]},{"source_id":"S9","title":"Public Safety Telecommunicators — Occupational Outlook Handbook","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://www.bls.gov/ooh/office-and-administrative-support/police-fire-and-ambulance-dispatchers.htm","source_class":"OFFICIAL_ORGANIZATION_DATA","publication_date":"2025-08-28","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["Public safety telecommunicators work in PSAPs and had median annual pay of $50,730 in May 2024.","The wage provides a conservative labor anchor for dispatcher participation and backfill in the proposed simulator study."]},{"source_id":"S10","title":"City of Abilene FY 2026 Proposed Budget","publisher":"City of Abilene, Texas","url":"https://www.abilenetx.gov/DocumentCenter/View/36541/2025-2026-Proposed-Budget-as-filed-732025-PDF","source_class":"OFFICIAL_ORGANIZATION_DATA","publication_date":"2025-07-03","accessed_at":"2026-08-02","claims_supported":["The budget includes a $500,000 CAD/RMS/Mobile software line item.","This is an order-of-magnitude public-sector anchor for CAD software expenditure, not a quote for the proposed feature."]}],"problem_evidence":{"support":"MODERATE","rationale":"NENA directly identifies PSAP information/task overload and links it to accuracy and dissemination speed, while primary dispatcher research confirms extreme time pressure and life-safety decision complexity. The exact proposed condition—noncritical dashboard chrome causing measurable assignment delay or error during surge—has not been quantified in representative CAD logs, observations or eye-tracking, so the specific problem remains only moderately supported.","source_ids":["S1","S8","S2","S3"]},"stakeholder_evidence":{"support":"STRONG","rationale":"The City of Abilene is an identifiable buyer and authorizer whose 2026 RFP explicitly requests minimal-click role-based views that can suppress non-pertinent information while strengthening situational awareness. Kitsap 911 separately requires configurable filtering, alerting and workflow automation. Neither has expressed demand for the exact verified-intake-to-assignment lifecycle, but both demonstrate credible authority and direct pull for its constituent capabilities.","source_ids":["S2","S3"]},"prior_art":{"proximity":"SUBSTANTIAL_COLLISION","closest_analogues":[{"name":"City of Abilene role-based information suppression requirement","similarity":"A current municipal CAD procurement expressly requires role-based views that filter or suppress non-pertinent information, minimal-click workflows and preserved situational awareness.","remaining_difference":"The RFP does not disclose automatic entry for each verified incident, an assignment-specific safety whitelist, one-action restoration and automatic exit immediately after assignment.","source_ids":["S2"]},{"name":"Kitsap 911 configurable console filtering and alert workflow","similarity":"The procurement requires filtering of incidents and units, configurable visual/audible alerts, workflow automation and safety cautions that remain operationally salient.","remaining_difference":"Filtering is operator- or administrator-configured rather than a disclosed per-incident automatic focus lifecycle with a formal persistent whitelist.","source_ids":["S3"]},{"name":"Unified Solutions Incident/Unit Only dashboard","similarity":"A deployed CAD product lets operators reversibly hide a major dashboard region while retaining incident and unit information.","remaining_difference":"The layout is manually selected, can remove a potentially useful map, and is not automatically entered and exited around one unit-assignment decision.","source_ids":["S4"]},{"name":"Infor restricted CAD summaries and map controls","similarity":"Established CAD documentation supports restricting calls, zones, response areas, unit types and map content while retaining cautions, emergency messages and hazard retrieval.","remaining_difference":"The documentation does not disclose whole-interface suppression automatically bounded by verified intake and assignment completion.","source_ids":["S5"]},{"name":"Motorola PremierOne integrated incident-focused workflow","similarity":"A major commercial CAD platform integrates important information on one screen to reduce switching and keep dispatchers focused on an incident.","remaining_difference":"The source describes integration and streamlining rather than reversible automatic suppression of all preclassified noncritical chrome.","source_ids":["S7"]}],"distinctive_claim_remaining":"In a bounded search, no opened source disclosed the complete dispatcher-side combination of automatic entry after verified intake, temporary suppression of every preclassified noncritical interface element, a continuously visible locally approved safety/communications/hazard whitelist, explicit mode indication and one-action restoration, and automatic exit immediately after unit assignment. The claim is falsified by documentation or demonstration of that complete lifecycle, or empirically if the lifecycle fails to improve assignment performance without degrading safety awareness.","confidence":"MODERATE"},"implementation_evidence":{"support":"MODERATE","rationale":"Commercial products and procurements establish feasibility of configurable layouts, filtering, workflow automation, persistent alerts, role controls and restoration. A non-operational prototype is technically straightforward. Production feasibility remains contingent on proprietary CAD extension points, reliable lifecycle events, locally governed classification of every element, multi-incident concurrency behavior, accessibility, audit logging, CJIS/HIPAA controls and vendor-supported fail-safe restoration. Safety-critical display guidance supports the whitelist and explicit mode state but also shows why indiscriminate hiding is unacceptable.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5","S6","S7"]},"scores":{"meaningful_impact":{"score":4,"rationale":"Unit assignment is time-critical and errors can affect responder and public safety; a reliable improvement could matter materially. Realized impact is unmeasured.","source_ids":["S1","S8"]},"stakeholder_pull":{"score":4,"rationale":"Two named public agencies request streamlined, filterable CAD interfaces with protected operational information, although neither requests this exact lifecycle.","source_ids":["S2","S3"]},"incremental_advantage":{"score":2,"rationale":"The proposed automatic trigger and exit could remove manual display-management work, but existing systems already offer filters, reduced layouts and integrated incident views, and no comparative effect is demonstrated.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5","S7"]},"distinctiveness_plausibility":{"score":2,"rationale":"Only the narrow trigger–whitelist–assignment–exit combination remains unmatched; most constituent functions are established and the search cannot establish world novelty.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5","S7"]},"technical_implementability":{"score":4,"rationale":"Filtering, layout switching, workflow events and persistent alerts are established capabilities. Vendor APIs and fail-safe multi-incident behavior are the principal unknowns.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5","S6"]},"adoption_authority_feasibility":{"score":3,"rationale":"PSAP operations leadership and procurement authorities can authorize evaluation, but a vendor/CAD administrator must implement the feature and production use requires local safety, security, training and change-control approval.","source_ids":["S2","S3"]},"evidence_readiness":{"score":3,"rationale":"A counterbalanced simulator comparison is well bounded, but it requires qualified dispatchers, a realistic CAD prototype and locally valid incident scripts that cannot be obtained through web research alone.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S8","S9"]},"safety_net_benefit":{"score":3,"rationale":"A persistent whitelist, explicit mode state and immediate restoration are meaningful safeguards, but the intervention can itself reduce system-wide awareness or hide unusual incident context.","source_ids":["S3","S6"]},"scalability":{"score":3,"rationale":"The interaction pattern could be reused, but each CAD product and PSAP would require integration, local whitelist governance, scenario validation and training.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5"]}},"score_confidence":"MODERATE","costs":{"first_evidence":{"band_2026_usd":"50K_TO_250K","scope":"One 8–12 week formative crossover simulator study with a non-operational prototype, 12 qualified dispatchers, 20 scenarios per condition, safety-alert injections, analysis and a documented whitelist review.","confidence":"MODERATE","assumptions":["Resource-equivalent cost includes researcher, UX engineer and CAD-prototype labor, dispatcher participation/backfill, scenario development, facilities and analysis.","No production CAD integration, identifiable operational records or live dispatch decisions are included.","BLS dispatcher pay is a floor; loaded overtime/backfill rates will be higher."],"source_ids":["S8","S9"]},"initial_deployment_startup":{"band_2026_usd":"50K_TO_250K","scope":"Post-study requirements engineering for one PSAP and one CAD vendor, complete element inventory, local safety-whitelist governance, accessibility review, integration design and production change-control package.","confidence":"LOW","assumptions":["The existing CAD exposes supported layout and lifecycle hooks.","This phase excludes production hardening, high-availability testing and live cutover.","Vendor professional-service rates and licensing are unknown."],"source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5"]},"operational_launch":{"band_2026_usd":"250K_TO_1M","scope":"One-PSAP production implementation, vendor engineering, audit/security integration, simulator and acceptance testing, training, parallel operation, rollback preparation and monitored launch.","confidence":"LOW","assumptions":["This is an incremental feature in an existing supported CAD, not replacement of the full CAD/RMS suite.","No new console hardware or enterprise data migration is required.","The $500,000 Abilene CAD/RMS/Mobile budget line is only a broad public-sector anchor, not a feature quote."],"source_ids":["S2","S3","S10"]},"annual_recurring":{"band_2026_usd":"50K_TO_250K","scope":"Vendor support, regression and safety-scenario testing, whitelist/configuration governance, audit review, refresher training and periodic performance monitoring for one PSAP.","confidence":"LOW","assumptions":["Costs include internal PSAP labor and vendor support allocation.","No full CAD subscription or infrastructure replacement is charged to this feature.","Major redesigns or multi-agency expansion would exceed this band."],"source_ids":["S2","S3","S9","S10"]}},"verified_pipeline_gates":{"externally_supported_problem":{"status":"YES","reason":"Official NENA guidance and primary dispatcher research establish overload, time pressure and potential accuracy/speed consequences, though the exact chrome-attribution magnitude remains unknown.","source_ids":["S1","S8"]},"externally_credible_adopter_or_authorizer":{"status":"YES","reason":"The City of Abilene and Kitsap 911 are identifiable public CAD procurers with authority and explicit requirements for streamlined, filterable interfaces and protected operational alerts.","source_ids":["S2","S3"]},"distinct_testable_incremental_claim":{"status":"YES","reason":"The remaining claim is limited to the automatic verified-intake-to-assignment lifecycle with an explicit safety whitelist and is testable against the unchanged standard dashboard.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S4","S5","S7"]},"bounded_next_evidence_step":{"status":"YES","reason":"A one-site, non-operational, counterbalanced simulator study has a fixed sample, scenarios, comparator, outcomes, stop rules and quantitative falsifiers.","source_ids":["S8","S9"]},"no_unresolved_safety_or_authority_stop":{"status":"YES","reason":"The next step is non-operational and can preserve dispatcher authority, all whitelisted information and immediate restoration. It still requires PSAP approval, participant consent and confirmation that no real incident data are used; production deployment is not cleared.","source_ids":["S2","S3","S6"]},"credible_cost_scope_and_range":{"status":"YES","reason":"The bands are resource-equivalent estimates scoped separately to evidence, design startup, one-site launch and annual operation, anchored by public dispatcher wages and a municipal CAD software budget. Vendor-specific pricing remains a documented uncertainty.","source_ids":["S9","S10","S2","S3"]}},"next_evidence_step":"Partner with one PSAP and its CAD vendor to run a formative, non-operational, counterbalanced crossover study with 12 qualified dispatchers. Each participant completes the same 20 scripted unit-assignment decisions under (A) the unchanged standard dashboard and (B) the prototype lifecycle focus mode, with order randomized and scenarios including surge load, concurrent related incidents, unusual hazard context and injected priority safety alerts. Record verified-intake-to-assignment time, wrong-unit assignments, missed or delayed safety-alert acknowledgments, visual-search time, manual restorations, mode-state interpretation and NASA-TLX. Stop any run immediately if a whitelisted item disappears, restoration fails, mode state is ambiguous or a safety alert is missed. Treat the intervention as falsified for further development if median assignment time improves by less than 10%, any wrong-unit or missed-alert rate increases, more than 5% of trials produce mode-state misinterpretation, or restoration/interface-management time offsets the gain. With 12 participants, use results for safety screening and effect-size estimation, not a definitive effectiveness claim.","blocking_evidence":["No representative measurement attributes assignment delay, wrong-unit selection or visual-search burden specifically to noncritical chrome during surge operations.","No PSAP or CAD vendor has committed to provide a realistic prototype environment, qualified dispatchers or supported lifecycle/layout hooks.","The complete locally mandatory safety-information set and rules for concurrent or linked incidents have not been elicited and validated.","No evidence shows that automatic mode entry and exit avoid mode confusion under real dispatcher workload.","Vendor pricing, licensing, cybersecurity review effort and supported rollback behavior are unknown.","World novelty, patentability, freedom to operate, market size and realized impact remain unmeasured."],"research_disposition":"PARTNERED_RESEARCH_PROGRAM","world_novelty_boundary":"This evaluation establishes neither world novelty nor patentability. Direct public procurements and products already cover role-based suppression of non-pertinent CAD information, incident/unit-only layouts, configurable filtering, workflow automation, incident-focused screens and protected alerts. Only the precise dispatcher-side verified-intake trigger, complete preclassified noncritical-chrome suppression, persistent locally approved safety whitelist, one-action restoration and automatic post-assignment exit combination remained undisclosed in the bounded opened-source set; a single product manual, patent, procurement requirement, demonstration or deployment showing that full combination would erase the remaining distinction.","arm":"RETRIEVAL_FIRST","candidate_version":0,"controller_recommendation":{"action":"STOP_EMPIRICAL_RESEARCH_NEEDED","repairable":true,"material_progress_observed":true,"progress_targets":["Secure a named PSAP operations sponsor and CAD-vendor technical contact for a non-operational simulator environment.","Measure baseline prevalence and magnitude of chrome-attributable visual-search or interface-management burden using representative scenarios, logs and eye tracking.","Elicit and formally approve a complete safety, hazard, communications and mandatory-context whitelist, including concurrent-incident exceptions.","Demonstrate deterministic entry, explicit mode indication, one-action restoration, automatic exit and fail-open behavior in supported CAD hooks.","Run the counterbalanced comparator study and report effect sizes, safety-event noninferiority, mode confusion and restoration burden.","Obtain a vendor-scoped implementation quote and local security, accessibility, training and change-control estimates before any production proposal."],"reason":"Bounded web research resolved substantial prior-art collision, found credible public-authority pull and narrowed the claim to a testable lifecycle combination. The decisive remaining questions—whether the specific interface burden exists at meaningful magnitude and whether automatic suppression improves assignments without safety loss—require qualified-dispatcher fieldwork, proprietary workflow access and live simulator testing, so further web search cannot establish strict success."}}