{"closest_prior_art":[{"name":"Laboratory bicycle-drivetrain efficiency rig with crank-side and wheel-side torque transducers","overlap":"Measures torque at both sides of a bicycle drivetrain, calculates wheel-output versus crank-input efficiency, uses calibrated transducers, and tests normal cycling torque and cadence ranges.","remaining_difference":"It is a component-efficiency research apparatus, not a portable mechanic-installed diagnostic workflow combining dead-weight verification, whole-bicycle roller coast-down, localized heat indication, known-fault challenges, and explicit preservation of field-only rivals.","source_ids":["SRC1"]},{"name":"velotech eRig bicycle dynamometer","overlap":"A first-party commercial test rig measures velocity, torque, and power at the crank and wheels using multiple torque transducers and temperature sensors under simulated operating conditions.","remaining_difference":"It targets Pedelec performance and standards testing; the retained page does not describe diagnosing unexplained speed loss on a conventional athlete bicycle through dead-weight calibration, unpowered coast-down signatures, friction-point strips, or action-limited rival comparison.","source_ids":["SRC4"]},{"name":"Validated bicycle coast-down resistance testing","overlap":"Uses bicycle deceleration to estimate resistance and demonstrates sensitivity to tire pressure and rider position while documenting repeatability and measurement limitations.","remaining_difference":"Coast-down alone does not locate crank-meter bias or drivetrain transmission loss and, even in the study, cannot otherwise separate rolling from aerodynamic resistance without additional boundaries and controls.","source_ids":["SRC3"]},{"name":"Garmin hanging-weight power-meter torque test","overlap":"Uses a known suspended mass, crank length, and gravity to compute expected torque and compare it with a pedal power meter, directly addressing suspected measurement bias.","remaining_difference":"It tests only the upstream meter and does not measure hub output, wheel-side coast-down resistance, or localized friction in an integrated differential workflow.","source_ids":["SRC2"]}],"contrastive_claim_falsifier":"The contrastive claim would be falsified if a retained or newly found existing workflow already combined independent static crank-torque verification, simultaneous crank-side and hub-side power measurement, load-matched whole-bicycle coast-down, localized friction-temperature evidence, and predeclared boundary-specific challenge responses for unexplained speed loss—or if blinded known-offset and known-resistance trials showed that the proposed combination could not reliably distinguish upstream bias, transmission loss, and wheel-side resistance beyond instrument uncertainty.","contrastive_claim_remaining":"Unlike any single retained practice, the proposed mechanic-controlled combination uses a dead-weight upstream reference, paired crank-to-hub energy accounting, and load-matched coast-down to generate separately challengeable signatures for meter bias, drivetrain loss, and wheel-side resistance, while treating a normal bench signature as unresolved rather than as evidence against the cyclist.","experiment_id":"eoa_inverse_innovation_exp13_second_slot_policy60_20260806","gates":{"adequate_source_search":{"rationale":"Four bounded lanes covered the direct intervention, older or synonymous efficiency and coast-down terminology, current product and calibration practices, and component combinations. Four opened sources span four publishers and include primary research, official manufacturer guidance, and a first-party accredited-laboratory product.","source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2","SRC3","SRC4"],"status":"PASS"},"bounded_next_test":{"rationale":"A safe, finite test can compare predeclared signatures across repeated submaximal runs and coast-downs before and after a small mechanic-approved resistance challenge. SRC1 supplies the paired-transducer measurement basis, SRC2 a repeatable known-mass torque check, and SRC3 evidence that repeated coast-down measurements can detect controlled resistance changes while requiring careful interpretation.","source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2","SRC3"],"status":"PASS"},"distinct_testable_claim":{"rationale":"The integrated claim is distinguishable from each retained reference: upstream calibration, transmission-boundary efficiency, and unloaded resistance are measured together and must respond at the predicted boundary to blinded known faults. No retained source describes that complete diagnostic and rival-preserving workflow.","source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2","SRC3","SRC4"],"status":"PASS"},"no_obvious_safety_or_authority_stop":{"rationale":"The proposed first test is stationary, brief, submaximal, reversible, and mechanic-controlled, consistent with stationary torque testing and laboratory rigs. Explicit stop conditions and mechanic-only return-to-service authority address the obvious mounting, resistance, and equipment-fault hazards; no retained source reveals a categorical stop.","source_ids":["SRC2","SRC4"],"status":"PASS"},"supported_problem":{"rationale":"The sources show that crank-meter bias can require a static torque check, drivetrain efficiency is defined by separate crank-input and wheel-output measurements, and coast-down resistance contains multiple contributions that are not fully separable by deceleration alone. Thus ordinary nominal power and speed cannot uniquely locate the discrepancy.","source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2","SRC3"],"status":"PASS"}},"prior_art_disposition":"ADJACENT_PRIOR_ART","problem_evidence":{"finding":"The technical ambiguity is visible: upstream power-meter error, crank-to-wheel transmission loss, and aggregate rolling or aerodynamic resistance require different measurements. The retained literature supports the measurement problem and limitations, but does not establish how often coaching staff misattribute such deficits or the size of resulting harm.","source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2","SRC3"],"status":"PARTLY_SUPPORTED"},"research_id":"eoa_inverse_innovation_exp13_light_screen_20260806","schema_version":1,"screen_id":"E13P106","screen_survival":true,"search_lanes":{"component_combination":{"no_result_note":null,"queries":["bicycle drivetrain test rig input torque output torque rear hub coast down","bicycle drivetrain efficiency input power crank output hub torque measurement study","bicycle bearing brake friction temperature indicating strip diagnosis"],"source_ids":["SRC1","SRC3","SRC4"]},"direct_problem_and_intervention":{"no_result_note":null,"queries":["cycling slower same power drivetrain loss crank power hub power meter comparison","bicycle drivetrain efficiency input power crank output hub torque measurement study"],"source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2"]},"products_practices_and_standards":{"no_result_note":null,"queries":["site:garmin.com power meter static weight calibration torque bicycle","bicycle coast down test rolling resistance brake bearing diagnostic","bicycle drivetrain test rig input torque output torque rear hub coast down"],"source_ids":["SRC2","SRC3","SRC4"]},"synonyms_and_historical_terms":{"no_result_note":null,"queries":["bicycle power meter static weight calibration crank torque official manual","bicycle coast-down test wheel bearing brake drag test rig","cycling lab rolling resistance coast down drivetrain efficiency test rig"],"source_ids":["SRC1","SRC2","SRC3"]}},"sources":[{"claims_supported":["Bicycle drivetrain efficiency can be measured as wheel-output power divided by crank-input power.","A research rig uses separate crank-side and wheel-side calibrated torque transducers and an encoder.","Measurement uncertainty must be compared with the efficiency differences under investigation."],"publisher":"Springer Nature / Sports Engineering","source_id":"SRC1","source_type":"PRIMARY_RESEARCH","title":"A novel model for bicycle drivetrain efficiency","url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12283-025-00505-8"},{"claims_supported":["A hanging known mass can statically test a bicycle power meter's reported torque.","Expected torque is calculated from mass, gravity, and crank length.","Garmin recommends repeated measurements and averaging when assessing accuracy."],"publisher":"Garmin","source_id":"SRC2","source_type":"OFFICIAL_GUIDANCE","title":"Rally and Vector Power Meter Advanced Torque Test","url":"https://support.garmin.com/en-US/?faq=AVZeQisZvi3oBYZUUZdPV6"},{"claims_supported":["Bicycle coast-down deceleration can estimate resistance parameters.","Controlled tire-pressure and riding-position changes produced detectable effects.","Coast-down captures speed-dependent resistance but does not otherwise fully distinguish rolling from aerodynamic resistance."],"publisher":"University of British Columbia / American Society of Civil Engineers","source_id":"SRC3","source_type":"PRIMARY_RESEARCH","title":"Validation of an Outdoor Coast-Down Test to Measure Bicycle Resistance Parameters","url":"https://civil-reactlab.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2022/11/Tengattini_2018_Validation-of-an-Outdoor-Coast-Down-Test-to-Measure-Bicycle-Resistance-Parameters.pdf"},{"claims_supported":["A commercial bicycle dynamometer uses three torque transducers.","It can measure velocity, torque, and power at the crank, front wheel, and rear wheel.","The rig also incorporates temperature sensors and supports performance and efficiency measurements under simulated conditions."],"publisher":"velotech GmbH","source_id":"SRC4","source_type":"FIRST_PARTY_PRODUCT","title":"eRig","url":"https://velotech.de/en/test-jigs/erig/"}],"world_novelty_boundary":"This bounded four-source public-web screen found strong adjacent art for every principal measurement element but no opened source describing the complete proposed diagnostic workflow. It cannot establish world novelty, patentability, non-obviousness, market size, expert acceptance, realized value, or absence of unindexed, proprietary, foreign-language, historical, or patent prior art."}