Computer Networking

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22 domain-specific abstractions whose origin domain is Computer Networking.

• Active networking — A network architecture in which packets or associated capsules can carry programs executed at network nodes, allowing forwarding behavior and services to be customized dynamically.
• Bandwidth-delay product — The product of a communication path's capacity and round-trip delay, measuring how much unacknowledged data can occupy the path and therefore how much in-flight window is needed to keep it fully utilized.
• Cell Relay — Switch statistically multiplexed fixed-length cells through a broadband network, trading bounded serialization and regular cell forwarding for per-cell overhead plus segmentation-and-reassembly state.
• Delay-gradient congestion control — Regulate a network sender using the direction and magnitude of recent round-trip-delay change as congestion feedback, rather than relying only on packet loss or a fixed absolute-delay threshold.
• IP over Avian Carriers — An April Fools' RFC protocol parody that specifies carrying Internet Protocol datagrams on physical birds, while illustrating extreme delay-tolerant store-and-forward networking.
• ISO/IEC 8802-5 — The ISO/IEC local-area-network standard specifying token-ring medium access control, frame formats and associated physical-layer provisions aligned with IEEE 802.5.
• Kinetics Internet Protocol — A de facto AppleTalk-over-IP gateway protocol family that carries DDP datagrams in UDP/IP and combines socket-to-port mapping with AppleTalk-network-to-IP next-hop state so AppleTalk reachability can cross an IP backbone.
• Mobile Virtual Private Network — A protected logical network session whose authenticated security context and inner addressing persist while its device changes physical links, points of attachment, or outer network locators.
• MPLS VPN — Deliver logically isolated Layer 2 or Layer 3 private-network services across a shared provider backbone by coupling edge-specific VPN state with MPLS label-switched transport.
• Network management — The coordinated monitoring, configuration, provisioning, fault, performance and security administration of a computer network.
• Network throughput — The achieved rate at which data units are successfully delivered through a specified network path or system boundary.
• Overlay network — A logical network whose nodes and links are implemented as endpoints and multi-hop paths over an underlying network.
• Packet switching — Carry digital traffic by dividing messages or streams into addressed packets that share links on demand and are independently received, buffered, forwarded, and reassembled or delivered.
• Protocol pipelining — A communication technique that sends multiple requests on one connection before earlier responses arrive, overlapping network latency while preserving protocol-defined association and ordering.
• Quality of service — The measurable performance delivered by a communication or computing service, together with mechanisms that differentiate or guarantee it for selected traffic.
• Reliability (computer networking) — A communication service property that detects loss or failure and provides declared guarantees about delivery, ordering, duplication and notification.
• Ring latency — The elapsed time, or equivalent number of transmitted bits, required for a signal or token to propagate once around a ring network.
• TCP congestion control — The end-to-end control system by which TCP adjusts its sending window in response to inferred network congestion.
• Transport layer — The protocol-stack layer that provides end-to-end application communication services such as multiplexing, reliability, ordering, flow control and congestion response over network delivery.
• Virtual circuit — A packet-network service that establishes logical connection state and a path or label mapping before data transfer, while statistically multiplexing physical links rather than reserving a dedicated circuit.
• Wormhole switching — A network flow-control method that divides a packet into flits and pipelines them through successive routers while the header reserves the path.
• Xcast — An explicit multi-unicast packet-delivery scheme that places the complete small-group destination list in each packet so routers need no persistent per-session multicast state.