Theoretical Physics

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15 domain-specific abstractions whose origin domain is Theoretical Physics.

• AdS/CMT Correspondence — Model selected observables of a strongly coupled condensed-matter quantum field theory with a tractable higher-dimensional gravitational system, using an explicit bulk-boundary dictionary and carrying predictions back only within the holographic model's declared validity envelope.
• AQUAL Gravity Theory — A nonrelativistic modified-gravity theory derived from an aquadratic gravitational action, yielding a nonlinear Poisson equation with Newtonian and deep-MOND limits.
• Beta Function (Physics) — A renormalization-group vector field that gives each running coupling's logarithmic derivative with respect to scale, thereby generating scale flow and locating fixed points where the coupling ceases to run.
• Born reciprocity — The proposed symmetry exchanging spacetime coordinates with energy–momentum coordinates, up to signs and scale factors.
• Classification of Electromagnetic Fields — A pointwise relativistic taxonomy that uses the two Lorentz scalar invariants of the electromagnetic field tensor to distinguish null and non-null fields and determine which electric–magnetic simplifications some observer can realize.
• Dimensional deconstruction — A four-dimensional gauge-theory construction whose product groups and link fields reproduce a discretized extra dimension over an energy range.
• Extra dimensions — Hypothesized spatial or temporal dimensions beyond the observed three spatial dimensions and one time dimension, used in higher-dimensional physical theories.
• Gauge theory — A field theory whose action is invariant under spacetime-dependent transformations from a gauge group, requiring connection-like gauge fields that relate local choices and whose curvature represents physical field strength.
• Point particle — An idealized physical object with finite properties such as mass or charge but zero spatial extent at the modeling scale.
• Statistical field theory — Represent a many-body statistical system by fluctuating field configurations weighted by an effective energy or action, enabling correlation, scaling, path-integral, and renormalization analysis.
• String duality — Relate apparently different string-theory descriptions as equivalent formulations of the same physics, mapping spectra, couplings, compactification data, and observables across weak/strong, large/small, or geometric/nongeometric regimes.
• String theory — A quantum-gravity framework in which fundamental excitations are one-dimensional strings whose vibrational states and interactions generate particle species, forces and spacetime-dependent spectra.
• Superfluid vacuum theory — A family of speculative quantum-gravity models that represents the physical vacuum as a superfluid or Bose–Einstein-condensed medium.
• Test particle — An idealized probe whose selected property responds to a field while its own influence on the modeled system is treated as negligible.
• Yang–Mills theory — A non-Abelian gauge-field theory in which a connection on a principal bundle has curvature dynamics derived from the Yang–Mills action.