Electromagnetic Fields & Responses

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Abstractions about electric and magnetic fields and how matter and circuits respond to them, covering field sources and energy flow (dipoles, electromotive force, Poynting vector), magnetic response and flux paths (diamagnetism, anisotropy energy, magnetic circuits), and electrokinetic and magnetohydrodynamic effects, loosely joined by the curvelet transform.

11 abstractions in this family — domain-specific abstractions that sit near one another in structural-signature space (k-means over structural-signature embeddings). Each is shown with its short description.

• Curvelet Transform — A directional multiscale transform with parabolically scaled, increasingly elongated fine-scale elements that sparsely represent smooth curves and curved singularities.
• Diamagnetism — Diamagnetism is a recurring condensed-matter physics, magnetism identity in which an applied magnetic field induces an opposing magnetic response and therefore weak repulsion.
• Dielectrophoresis — A nonuniform electric field exerts an induced-polarization force on a particle relative to its medium, drawing it toward or away from stronger-field regions under specified conditions.
• Dipole — A localized electric or magnetic source whose oriented first moment supplies a dipolar field contribution, leading remotely when lower-order terms vanish.
• Dukhin Number — A dimensionless electrokinetic ratio comparing conduction along a charged interface with conduction through its surrounding electrolyte.
• Electromotive Force — The signed electrical driving action per unit charge supplied by a source along a specified path or circuit contour.
• Hartmann Number — A dimensionless magnetohydrodynamic number combining field strength, fluid conductivity and viscosity, and a declared length to compare magnetic and viscous flow scales.
• Magnetic Anisotropy Energy — The orientation-dependent contribution to a magnetic system's energy that creates easy and hard magnetization directions through crystal symmetry, sample shape, stress, interfaces, or related magnetic couplings.
• Magnetic Circuit — A lumped model of guided magnetic flux paths as connected reluctance elements and magnetomotive-force sources, valid under stated field and material approximations.
• Poynting Vector — The local electromagnetic energy-flux density whose surface-normal integral gives electromagnetic power crossing a boundary and whose divergence closes the field-energy balance.
• Quasisymmetry — A continuous symmetry of stellarator magnetic-field strength that yields an approximately conserved particle quantity and improved confinement despite asymmetric geometry.