Ammonia: Principles and Industrial Practice¶
Appl, M. (1999). Ammonia: Principles and Industrial Practice. Wiley.
Cited by¶
2 citations across 2 artifacts.
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Domain-specific¶
- Kinetics
- combined with elevated temperature (~400–450 °C) to speed barrier crossing and high pressure to shift the equilibrium toward ammonia
This sourceThe industrial operating window for ammonia synthesis and the rate-versus-equilibrium-yield compromise that fixes it.
- combined with elevated temperature (~400–450 °C) to speed barrier crossing and high pressure to shift the equilibrium toward ammonia
- Stoichiometry
- But because the reaction is equilibrium-limited, only roughly 15% of the gas converts to ammonia on a single pass through the reactor
This sourceGives single-pass conversion figures for equilibrium-limited industrial ammonia synthesis. Describes the ammonia synthesis loop: condensing out product and recycling unreacted synthesis gas so cumulative conversion approaches the stoichiometric ceiling.
- But because the reaction is equilibrium-limited, only roughly 15% of the gas converts to ammonia on a single pass through the reactor
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