Grundzüge der Phonologie¶
Trubetzkoy, N. S. (1939). Grundzüge der Phonologie. Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Prague.
Cited by¶
9 citations across 9 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Equivalence Relation
- Linguistics encounters equivalence relations in the analysis of synonymy, allophonic equivalence, and dialect classification, the latter formalised by Trubetzkoy (1939) in the Grundzüge der Phonologie through the phonemic-equivalence partition of allophones.
This sourceIdentifies the phoneme as the smallest distinctive unit and develops neutralization/archiphoneme; phonetically distinct allophones unite into one phoneme by non-contrastive function.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
The book's abstract shows Trubetzkoy treats the phoneme and how to determine a language's phonemes, but says nothing of synonymy, dialect classification, or an allophone partition doing that work.
“the nature of phonemes (30–41), how to determine the phonemes of a language (41–59)”
- Linguistics encounters equivalence relations in the analysis of synonymy, allophonic equivalence, and dialect classification, the latter formalised by Trubetzkoy (1939) in the Grundzüge der Phonologie through the phonemic-equivalence partition of allophones.
- Markedness
- Phonology (core domain): Trubetzkoy's foundational application.
This sourceTravaux du Cercle linguistique de Prague 7. Foundational phonological treatise: develops the phoneme as an equivalence class of phonetically distinct allophones unified by their non-contrastive function within a language, establishing phonemic equivalence as a partition of acoustic realisations by linguistic function.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
Publisher abstract shows Grundzüge der Phonologie as Trubetzkoy's culminating phonological treatise applied to many languages' phonemic systems; it never names markedness.
“In this unfinished study, his last work, Trubetzkoy presents a final version of his phonological theories and applies them to the phonemic systems of a large number of languages.”
- Phonology (core domain): Trubetzkoy's foundational application.
- Minimal Pairs
- The canonical instance comes from phonology: the words /pat/ and /bat/ differ only in the voicing of their initial consonant, and the fact that competent listeners hear them as different words establishes that voicing is phonemic — a contrast the language uses to distinguish meaning.
This sourceTrans. Christiane A. M. Baltaxe. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969 [1939]. Foundational Prague-School phonology text establishing the minimal pair / contrast as the diagnostic for phonemic opposition (e.g. voicing distinguishing /p/ from /b/).
- The canonical instance comes from phonology: the words /pat/ and /bat/ differ only in the voicing of their initial consonant, and the fact that competent listeners hear them as different words establishes that voicing is phonemic — a contrast the language uses to distinguish meaning.
Domain-specific¶
- Functional Linguistics
- In phonology, Prague functionalism analyzes contrasts partly through their role in distinguishing lexical material
SupportedVerified against the source
- In phonology, Prague functionalism analyzes contrasts partly through their role in distinguishing lexical material
- Phonology
- Structuralism
- Linguistics — the model science: Saussure's Course, Trubetzkoy and Jakobson's phonological structuralism, Hjelmslev's glossematics, the source from which the relational move generalized
This sourceTrubetzkoy's phonology, which grounds the phoneme in Saussure's langue/parole distinction and defines it as a member of a system of oppositions. Trubetzkoy's account of the phoneme as a member of an opposition, with the different sounds realizing one phoneme as its variants.
Supported in partVerified against a saved copy of the source
“Фердинанд де Соссюр понял и четко сформулировал важность различения языка и речи”
- Linguistics — the model science: Saussure's Course, Trubetzkoy and Jakobson's phonological structuralism, Hjelmslev's glossematics, the source from which the relational move generalized
Mechanisms¶
- Example and Boundary Case Pair
- The paired near-miss works like a minimal pair in linguistics, two forms differing in exactly one feature so the feature's role becomes audible; here the one feature is what the intended meaning hinges on.
This sourceTreats minimally differing sound oppositions as evidence that the contrasting phonic property differentiates lexical meaning.
- The paired near-miss works like a minimal pair in linguistics, two forms differing in exactly one feature so the feature's role becomes audible; here the one feature is what the intended meaning hinges on.
- Naming Markedness Audit
- Its strength is speed and cheapness: it is the fastest way to surface markedness that is invisible precisely because it is unnamed, and it rests on a well-worn principle — linguistic markedness, where one form is the neutral default and its partner carries an extra feature
This sourceDevelops phonological markedness as an opposition in which one member carries an additional distinguishing feature while the unmarked member appears in neutralizing contexts.
- Its strength is speed and cheapness: it is the fastest way to surface markedness that is invisible precisely because it is unnamed, and it rests on a well-worn principle — linguistic markedness, where one form is the neutral default and its partner carries an extra feature
- Symmetry Labeling Matrix
- Its strength is that it converts an argued claim into a visible pattern anyone can check — it works like the linguist's minimal pair, holding cases parallel so the single dimension where marking differs stands out.
This sourceTests a phonological opposition by holding sound position fixed and substituting one sound to see whether the word’s meaning changes.
- Its strength is that it converts an argued claim into a visible pattern anyone can check — it works like the linguist's minimal pair, holding cases parallel so the single dimension where marking differs stands out.
Verification¶
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Links previously used in the corpus¶
Before the registry existed this work was also linked 6 other ways.
- https://doi.org/10.13109/9783666522161 ×1
- https://doi.org/10.13109/9783666522161/html ×1
- https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k924519 ×1
- https://mpipsyl.disco.mpg.de/Record/MPIPL_cat.PL000118046/Details?sid=185509 ×1
- https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.13109/9783666522161/html ×1
- https://www.mpi.nl/publications/item2399346/grundzuge-der-phonologie ×1
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