An Alternative to War or Surrender¶
Osgood, C. E. (1962). An Alternative to War or Surrender. University of Illinois Press.
Cited by¶
3 citations across 3 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Mechanisms¶
- Contingent Reciprocal Action Plan
- They adopt a GRIT-style plan
This sourceDescribes GRIT as an announced unilateral tension-reducing initiative followed by further conciliatory steps when the other side reciprocates.
- They adopt a GRIT-style plan
- Reciprocal Stand-Down Protocol
- Its strength is that it lets both sides descend without a loser, supplying face-saving structurally through reciprocity rather than asking either to concede — the core reason parties who both want out can nonetheless get out.
This sourceDevelops graduated reciprocal de-escalation through limited conciliatory moves that let both sides step down without unilateral capitulation.
- Its strength is that it lets both sides descend without a loser, supplying face-saving structurally through reciprocity rather than asking either to concede — the core reason parties who both want out can nonetheless get out.
- Staged Reciprocal Commitment
- … is the logic of GRIT (Graduated Reciprocation in Tension-reduction), Charles Osgood's proposal that a party can unwind a hostile spiral through a series of small, announced, verifiable conciliatory initiatives that invite matching, reversing distrust incrementally rather than demanding it be resolved all at once.
This sourcePresents GRIT as a graduated sequence of publicly announced, observable tension-reducing initiatives that invite reciprocation and continue incrementally rather than demand immediate agreement.
- … is the logic of GRIT (Graduated Reciprocation in Tension-reduction), Charles Osgood's proposal that a party can unwind a hostile spiral through a series of small, announced, verifiable conciliatory initiatives that invite matching, reversing distrust incrementally rather than demanding it be resolved all at once.
Verification¶
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Does it back the claim? Not recorded. Neither this nor any other of the 3 citations of this work carries a recorded support check.
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Links previously used in the corpus¶
Before the registry existed this work was also linked 2 other ways.
- https://books.google.com/books?id=gushAAAAMAAJ ×1
- https://search.worldcat.org/title/An-alternative-to-war-or-surrender/oclc/185922 ×1
Registry ID ref:0bb903af9872 · see in the full table