Nicomachean Ethics

Aristotle. (1999). Nicomachean Ethics. mesotes.

Type

Book chapter

Intellectual base

Review or monograph

Year

1999

Link

https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-nicomachean-ethics-9780199213610

Cited from

law_governance, philosophy

Cited by

10 citations across 5 artifacts.

Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.

Primes

• Balance
  • … specifically in that balance is often achieved (through deliberate distribution) whereas equilibrium is often reached (by dynamics converging to a rest state); the two overlap but are not identical, and the balance concept preserves the design-and-intervention sense that equilibrium alone does not emphasize.
• Equity
  • Equity in the legal and governance sense is a body of law and reasoning that complements rigid rule-based adjudication with discretion-based remedies aimed at fairness in the particular case, an idea Aristotle (c. 350 BCE) introduced as epieikeia in Book V of the Nicomachean Ethics.

    This sourceOxford University Press (Oxford World's Classics), 2009 [c. 350 BCE], Book V. Book V analyses justice as proportional equality and, at 1137a-1138a, introduces epieikeia (equity) as the rectification of law where it is defective owing to its universality — the corrective that adjusts a general rule to the particular case.

• Fairness
  • … encodes a pattern: legitimate criteria → comparable circumstance → defensible standard → permissible distribution or procedure, a structure Aristotle (c. 350 BCE/2009) articulates in Nicomachean Ethics Book V as proportional justice — equals treated equally, unequals unequally according to relevant difference.
• Virtue Ethics
  • Virtue ethics is a first-order normative-ethical framework that locates moral goodness in stable character traits (virtues) rather than in rules or consequences, making the evaluation of moral character and the cultivation of excellences of character prior to, and more basic than, the evaluation of discrete acts against rules or the assessment of outcomes — shifting the fundamental question of ethics from what act one should perform to what kind of person one should become.

    This sourceAristotle Nicomachean Ethics doctrine of the mean balance virtue.

  • The essential commitment is that a virtue is the stable character trait — an integrated pattern of perception, emotion, deliberation, and action — oriented toward a good, and that right action flows from (and is explicable only by reference to) a character so disposed.

    This sourceAristotle stable character trait virtue definition.

  • Every virtue-ethical articulation specifies four core components: (1) a conception of eudaimonia (the telos toward which virtues are oriented), whether Aristotelian flourishing, enlightenment, sainthood, or communal participation; (2) a roster of virtues (courage, temperance, justice, wisdom, and their domain-specific variants) with accounts of what each virtue is and how it manifests; (3) an account of acquisition (habituation, practice, mentorship, community of practice) —

    This sourceAristotle moral development trajectory habituation practice.

  • the moral-development trajectory that moves the agent from untrained action to stable disposition; and (4) the relation of virtue to the practical wisdom phronesis —

    This sourceAristotle practical wisdom phronesis practical judgment.

  • the capacity to discern in particular situations what a virtuous agent would do, calibrating universal virtue to context-specific action.

    This sourceAristotle phronesis context situation-specific action calibration.

  • Aristotle analyzes courage (in Nicomachean Ethics II.7–III.9) as the mean between rashness and cowardice — the stable character trait settled in the disposition to fear what ought to be feared, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right reason, and to act accordingly.

    This sourceAristotle courage mean between cowardice rashness stable trait.

Domain-specific

• Arete
  • … role or function, practical, civic, intellectual or moral dimension, evaluator and community, relation to telos and eudaimonia, translation, and contrast with modern virtue are explicit. to An applied instance preserves the same invariant under a changed scale, notation, jurisdiction, dataset, or implementation..

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