Certain Topics in Telegraph Transmission Theory.¶
Nyquist, H. (1928). Certain Topics in Telegraph Transmission Theory. Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 47(2), 617-644.
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Primes¶
- Aliasing
- Third, there is a threshold — the Nyquist rate, twice the highest frequency present — below which the sampling can no longer distinguish frequencies: a component above half the sampling rate is folded down, mapped onto a lower frequency that a different, genuine signal would have produced.
This sourceEstablishes the sampling-rate criterion (the Nyquist rate, twice the highest frequency) below which frequencies can no longer be distinguished.
- Third, there is a threshold — the Nyquist rate, twice the highest frequency present — below which the sampling can no longer distinguish frequencies: a component above half the sampling rate is folded down, mapped onto a lower frequency that a different, genuine signal would have produced.
- Discrete vs. Continuous (Quantization)
- Foundations span quantum mechanics (Planck 1900, Einstein 1905, Bohr 1913, de Broglie 1924, Schrödinger 1926, Heisenberg 1925, Dirac 1925 and 1930, Born 1925), old quantum theory (Sommerfeld 1916, Wilson 1915, Ishiwara 1915), information theory and signal processing (Shannon 1948, Nyquist 1928
This sourceDerives the maximum signaling rate / Nyquist rate that bounds intersymbol-interference-free transmission — the boundary between sufficient and insufficient sampling.
- Foundations span quantum mechanics (Planck 1900, Einstein 1905, Bohr 1913, de Broglie 1924, Schrödinger 1926, Heisenberg 1925, Dirac 1925 and 1930, Born 1925), old quantum theory (Sommerfeld 1916, Wilson 1915, Ishiwara 1915), information theory and signal processing (Shannon 1948, Nyquist 1928
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