Mass extinctions in the marine fossil record.¶
Raup, D. M., & Sepkoski, J. J. (1982). Mass extinctions in the marine fossil record. Science, 215(4539), 1501-1503.
Cited by¶
1 citation across 1 artifact.
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Primes¶
- Deep Time
- Raup and Sepkoski (1982) statistically distinguished these five episodes from background extinction by analyzing the marine fossil record across the Phanerozoic; their analysis quantified that the Big Five (Ordovician-Silurian, Late Devonian, Permian-Triassic, Triassic-Jurassic, Cretaceous-Paleogene) each eliminated 75–96% of species and took millions of years to unfold at pre-Anthropocene rates, providing the deep-time reference frame against which present extinction rates (100–1,000 times background) are calibrated.
This sourceStatistically distinguished mass-extinction episodes (the 'Big Five') from background extinction by analyzing marine family-level diversity across the Phanerozoic.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
The abstract confirms the marine-record method and four statistically distinct mass extinctions, but not five, and gives no species-loss percentages.
“four mass extinctions in the marine realm are statistically distinct from background extinction levels. These four occurred late in the Ordovician, Permian, Triassic, and Cretaceous periods. A fifth extinction event in the Devonian stands out from the background but is not statistically significant in these data.”
- Raup and Sepkoski (1982) statistically distinguished these five episodes from background extinction by analyzing the marine fossil record across the Phanerozoic; their analysis quantified that the Big Five (Ordovician-Silurian, Late Devonian, Permian-Triassic, Triassic-Jurassic, Cretaceous-Paleogene) each eliminated 75–96% of species and took millions of years to unfold at pre-Anthropocene rates, providing the deep-time reference frame against which present extinction rates (100–1,000 times background) are calibrated.
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