Can Patents Deter Innovation? The Anticommons in Biomedical Research.

Heller, M. A., & Eisenberg, R. S. (1998). Can Patents Deter Innovation? The Anticommons in Biomedical Research. Science, 280(5364), 698-701.

Type

Journal article

Intellectual base

Primary research

Year

1998

DOI

10.1126/science.280.5364.698

Link

https://doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5364.698

Cited from

economics_finance

Cited by

1 citation across 1 artifact.

Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.

Primes

• Anti-Commons Tragedy
  • In intellectual property it is the patent thicket: a downstream product requires licensing many separate upstream patents — gene patents, research-tool patents, method patents — and any one holder can block or extract a holdout price, slowing biomedical research, semiconductor design, and smartphone standards.

    This sourceApplies the anticommons to the biomedical patent thicket: too many upstream patent holders, each able to block, leave a downstream product under-developed.

Verification

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