A Mathematician at the Ballpark¶
Ross, K. (2004). A Mathematician at the Ballpark: Odds and Probabilities for Baseball Fans. Pi Press.
Cited by¶
2 citations across 2 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Simpson–Yule Effect
- In sports, one player can have a higher per-season average than another across every season yet a lower career average, if they faced different mixes of easy and hard years.
This sourcePresents the Derek Jeter vs. David Justice batting-average case (1995–1996): Justice has the higher average in each individual season, yet Jeter has the higher combined average — the canonical sports Simpson's-paradox instance driven by unequal at-bat counts across years.
- In sports, one player can have a higher per-season average than another across every season yet a lower career average, if they faced different mixes of easy and hard years.
- Simpson's Paradox
- Public policy and program evaluation: a programme raises scores in every demographic subgroup while aggregate scores fall, because it attracts harder-to-serve participants — and without sub-group analysis the policy looks harmful. Sports analytics: a player out-hits a rival in every season but trails on career average, because their seasons cluster in pitcher-friendly, low-at-bat eras.
This sourcePresents the batting-average instance of Simpson's paradox (the Justice/Jeter case) where one player leads in each individual season yet trails on the combined average.
- Public policy and program evaluation: a programme raises scores in every demographic subgroup while aggregate scores fall, because it attracts harder-to-serve participants — and without sub-group analysis the policy looks harmful. Sports analytics: a player out-hits a rival in every season but trails on career average, because their seasons cluster in pitcher-friendly, low-at-bat eras.
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