Social Systems¶
Luhmann, N. (1984/1995). Social Systems. Soziale Systeme.
Cited by¶
2 citations across 2 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Autopoiesis
- In practice, the frame helps practitioners resist inappropriately mechanical treatments of living, cognitive, and social systems (diagnosing why a top-down organizational redesign fails to stick: it didn't engage the organization's self-reproduction; why a model of cognition as stimulus-response misses the phenomenology: cognition is enactive, not reactive; why a legal-economic analysis that treats law as executing economic directives misses law's self-referential logic).
This sourceExtends autopoiesis to social systems composed of communications: legal, economic, scientific, political, and other functional subsystems are operationally closed and structurally coupled.
- In practice, the frame helps practitioners resist inappropriately mechanical treatments of living, cognitive, and social systems (diagnosing why a top-down organizational redesign fails to stick: it didn't engage the organization's self-reproduction; why a model of cognition as stimulus-response misses the phenomenology: cognition is enactive, not reactive; why a legal-economic analysis that treats law as executing economic directives misses law's self-referential logic).
- Second-Order Cybernetics (Second-Order Observation)
- In strong versions (Maturana-Varela autopoiesis, Luhmann's Social Systems 1995
This sourceExtends autopoiesis to social systems composed of communications: legal, economic, scientific, political, and other functional subsystems are operationally closed and structurally coupled.
- In strong versions (Maturana-Varela autopoiesis, Luhmann's Social Systems 1995
Verification¶
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