Implementation¶
Pressman, J. L., & Wildavsky, A. (1984). Implementation: How Great Expectations in Washington Are Dashed in Oakland. University of California Press.
Cited by¶
1 citation across 1 artifact.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Operationalization
- The many-to-one freedom is real — many distinct rule sets could lawfully implement the same statute (a cap-and-trade scheme, a technology mandate, a flat emission limit) — and the ritual-compliance failure mode is the characteristic risk: an agency that follows the procedure (issues the forms, runs the inspections) without the specification being instantiated (air quality does not improve) has produced ritualism, the procedure-without-spec failure.
This sourceDocuments the implementation gap — formal adoption of a policy does not translate into attainment of its objectives — supporting ritual compliance where the procedure (forms, inspections) is followed while the specified outcome goes unmet.
- The many-to-one freedom is real — many distinct rule sets could lawfully implement the same statute (a cap-and-trade scheme, a technology mandate, a flat emission limit) — and the ritual-compliance failure mode is the characteristic risk: an agency that follows the procedure (issues the forms, runs the inspections) without the specification being instantiated (air quality does not improve) has produced ritualism, the procedure-without-spec failure.
Verification¶
This reference passed the adversarial substantiation pipeline: it was checked to exist and to support the claim it is attached to. See how references were verified.
Registry ID ref:9125b55e7c5c · see in the full table