Implementation¶
Pressman, J. L., & Wildavsky, A. (1984). Implementation: How Great Expectations in Washington Are Dashed in Oakland. University of California Press.
Cited by¶
1 citation across 1 artifact.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Operationalization
- The many-to-one freedom is real — many distinct rule sets could lawfully implement the same statute (a cap-and-trade scheme, a technology mandate, a flat emission limit) — and the ritual-compliance failure mode is the characteristic risk: an agency that follows the procedure (issues the forms, runs the inspections) without the specification being instantiated (air quality does not improve) has produced ritualism, the procedure-without-spec failure.
This sourceDocuments the implementation gap — formal adoption of a policy does not translate into attainment of its objectives — supporting ritual compliance where the procedure (forms, inspections) is followed while the specified outcome goes unmet.
- The many-to-one freedom is real — many distinct rule sets could lawfully implement the same statute (a cap-and-trade scheme, a technology mandate, a flat emission limit) — and the ritual-compliance failure mode is the characteristic risk: an agency that follows the procedure (issues the forms, runs the inspections) without the specification being instantiated (air quality does not improve) has produced ritualism, the procedure-without-spec failure.
Verification¶
Does it exist? Not checked yet. This entry carries no identifier to resolve. It was extracted from the citation as written in the article, normalized, and deduplicated against the rest of the registry.
Does it back the claim? Not recorded. The single citation of this work carries no recorded support check.
Support is checked per citation rather than per work — the same source can be cited soundly in one article and wrongly in another. Per-citation recording began recently, so a citation with no recorded check is a gap in the record rather than evidence it went unchecked.
See how references were verified.
Registry ID ref:9125b55e7c5c · see in the full table