Raum und Zeit (Space and Time)¶
Minkowski, H. (1908). Raum und Zeit (Space and Time). Physikalische Zeitschrift, 10, 75-88.
Cited by¶
4 citations across 4 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Frame of Reference
- formalizes transformations relating inertial frames in special relativity; Minkowski
This sourceUnifies space and time into a four-dimensional spacetime continuum; introduces 'world line' and the invariant spacetime interval that is the same for all inertial observers.
Supported in partVerified against the work's full text
Minkowski's lecture defines a group G_c of space-time transformations between uniformly moving reference systems under which natural laws keep their form.
“We can change the system of reference in any possible manner corresponding to the transformation of the above mentioned group G c , but the expressions for natural laws will not be changed thereby.”
- formalizes transformations relating inertial frames in special relativity; Minkowski
- Time
- It separates the before from the after and makes change intelligible, a structure that Minkowski (1908) made geometrically explicit by unifying time with space into the four-dimensional manifold whose causal cone structure imposes ordering on physically connectable events.
This sourceFoundational paper unifying space and time into the four-dimensional spacetime manifold; establishes the light-cone causal structure that imposes the linearity-and-ordering → duration-and-rate → irreversibility pattern on physical events.
SupportedVerified against the work's full text
Minkowski's lecture merges space and time into the x, y, z, t world and uses the fore and aft cones to fix which world-points are necessarily earlier or later than O.
“Every world-point on the fore-side of O is necessarily  ​ always earlier, every point on the aft side of O , necessarily later than O .”
- It separates the before from the after and makes change intelligible, a structure that Minkowski (1908) made geometrically explicit by unifying time with space into the four-dimensional manifold whose causal cone structure imposes ordering on physically connectable events.
Domain-specific¶
Verification¶
Does it exist? Not checked yet. This entry carries no identifier to resolve. It was extracted from the citation as written in the article, normalized, and deduplicated against the rest of the registry.
Does it back the claim? Read against the text for 2 of 4 citations: 1 supported, 1 supported in part. Each verdict is shown under its citation below, with what in the work backs the sentence.
Support is checked per citation rather than per work — the same source can be cited soundly in one article and wrongly in another. Per-citation recording began recently, so a citation with no recorded check is a gap in the record rather than evidence it went unchecked.
See how references were verified.
Links previously used in the corpus¶
Before the registry existed this work was also linked 1 other way.
Registry ID ref:9543ca0a65d6 · see in the full table