Demonstratives¶
Kaplan, D. (1989). Demonstratives: An Essay on the Semantics, Logic, Metaphysics, and Epistemology of Demonstratives and Other Indexicals. Themes from Kaplan.
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3 citations across 3 artifacts.
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Primes¶
- Context
- In linguistics and pragmatics, indexical expressions (here, now, I, you) have content fixed only relative to the speech context
This sourceCanonical theory distinguishing character from content, with indexical content fixed only relative to the context of utterance.
- In linguistics and pragmatics, indexical expressions (here, now, I, you) have content fixed only relative to the speech context
- Deixis
- (3) deictic expressions are typically drawn from a closed class (pronouns, demonstratives, adverbials of place and time) that speakers must learn as a system of coordinates; (4) the same deictic word points to different referents in different utterances, yet its semantic rule is invariant: I always points to the speaker.
This sourceDistinguishes character (the invariant rule fixing reference in context, e.g. 'I' = the utterer) from content (the referent in a given context).
- (3) deictic expressions are typically drawn from a closed class (pronouns, demonstratives, adverbials of place and time) that speakers must learn as a system of coordinates; (4) the same deictic word points to different referents in different utterances, yet its semantic rule is invariant: I always points to the speaker.
- Indexicality
- Indexicality is a specific form of context dependence: the kind in which the sign's reference is fixed by an actual contiguity between vehicle and object — a contiguity that exists in the situation, not merely a contiguity of interpretation, a sharpening Kaplan (1989) develops in his formal semantics of demonstratives and indexicals.
This sourceFormal semantics of indexicals and demonstratives; sharpens the distinction between character (the rule fixing how reference runs in context) and content (the referent in a given context), grounding indexical reference in the actual situation of utterance.
- Indexicality is a specific form of context dependence: the kind in which the sign's reference is fixed by an actual contiguity between vehicle and object — a contiguity that exists in the situation, not merely a contiguity of interpretation, a sharpening Kaplan (1989) develops in his formal semantics of demonstratives and indexicals.
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