Using Encryption for Authentication in Large Networks of Computers.

Needham, R. M., & Schroeder, M. D. (1978). Using Encryption for Authentication in Large Networks of Computers. Communications of the ACM, 21(12), 993-999.

Type

Journal article

Intellectual base

Primary research

Year

1978

Volume

21

Issue

12

Pages

993-999

DOI

10.1145/359657.359659

DOI registrant

Association for Computing Machinery

Link

https://doi.org/10.1145/359657.359659

Cited from

computer_science

Cited by

1 citation across 1 artifact.

Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.

Primes

• Authentication
  • 5. A freshness condition. The procedure must resist replay of past-valid evidence, via nonces, timestamps, seals, or expiry windows.

    This sourceFoundational protocol introducing nonces to guarantee freshness and resist replay of past-valid authentication evidence.

    SupportedVerified against the work's full text

    Needham and Schroeder guard against replay of earlier valid messages with nonce identifiers and, for mail, time-stamps rejected outside an interval T.

    “A mail item is rejected if either its {source, time-stamp} is on the register or its time-stamp predates the current time by more than T.”

    Read by an automated reader; not a human review. How support was checked

Verification

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