Seeing without Knowing

Ananny, M., & Crawford, K. (2018). Seeing without Knowing: Limitations of the Transparency Ideal and Its Application to Algorithmic Accountability. New Media & Society, 20(3), 973-989.

Type

Journal article

Intellectual base

Primary research

Year

2018

Volume

20

Issue

3

Pages

973-989

DOI

10.1177/1461444816676645

DOI registrant

SAGE Publications

Link

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816676645

Cited by

1 citation across 1 artifact.

Mechanisms

• Granular Permission Dashboard
  • Its failure mode is the transparency placebo — a beautiful review surface that shows everything and changes nothing, where "we give users a dashboard" substitutes for making refusal easy or enforcement real.

Verification

Does it exist? Confirmed. This work's DOI resolves to a registered record, which fixes its identity. That is all it fixes.

Does it back the claim? Not recorded. The single citation of this work carries no recorded support check.

Support is checked per citation rather than per work — the same source can be cited soundly in one article and wrongly in another. Per-citation recording began recently, so a citation with no recorded check is a gap in the record rather than evidence it went unchecked.

See how references were verified.

Registry ID ref:b876f6c2bf79 · see in the full table