Neighborhoods and Violent Crime

Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924.

Type

Journal article

Intellectual base

Primary research

Year

1997

DOI

10.1126/science.277.5328.918

Link

https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5328.918

Cited from

sociology_anthropology

Cited by

2 citations across 2 artifacts.

Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.

Primes

• Collective Efficacy
  • Sampson, Raudenbush, and Earls's landmark 1997 multilevel study operationalized collective efficacy as a neighborhood's shared expectation that neighbors could collectively enforce shared norms and maintain social order

    This sourceCanonical multilevel study of 343 Chicago neighborhoods establishing collective efficacy (social cohesion + shared willingness to intervene) as a neighborhood structural property that predicts violent-crime rates net of concentrated disadvantage, residential instability, and racial composition.

• Informal Enforcement
  • Sociology: Neighborhood order maintained by residents who watch, scold, intervene, and shun rather than by police — the collective-efficacy account of why some communities suppress disorder while others, with identical formal policing, cannot.

    This sourceCanonical multilevel study establishing collective efficacy as a neighborhood structural property predicting violent crime rates independent of poverty and racial composition. Sampson-Raudenbush-Earls canonical multilevel study introducing neighborhood collective efficacy.

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