An Internal Model for Sensorimotor Integration.¶
Wolpert, D. M., Ghahramani, Z., & Jordan, M. I. (1995). An Internal Model for Sensorimotor Integration. Science, 269(5232), 1880-1882.
Cited by¶
5 citations across 5 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Efference Copy
- Forward-model torque cancellation in robotics is the same structure as vestibulo-ocular compensation.
This sourceDemonstrates a forward model predicting the sensory consequences of motor commands — the cerebellar-style architecture that vestibulo-ocular and robotic torque cancellation share.
- Forward-model torque cancellation in robotics is the same structure as vestibulo-ocular compensation.
- Feedforward
- Training and instruction. A worked example, a model performance, or a simulator run shown before the learner attempts the task moves the cost of errors from recovery to pre-commitment. Neuroscience and motor control. Efference-copy and forward-model circuits predict the sensory consequences of intended motor commands, letting the system distinguish self-caused from externally caused signals and pre-tune the actuator.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
The abstract supports an internal model for motor planning/control but not the efference-copy/forward-model specifics or the training half of the claim.
“the central nervous system internally simulates the dynamic behavior of the motor system in planning, control, and learning”
- Training and instruction. A worked example, a model performance, or a simulator run shown before the learner attempts the task moves the cost of errors from recovery to pre-commitment. Neuroscience and motor control. Efference-copy and forward-model circuits predict the sensory consequences of intended motor commands, letting the system distinguish self-caused from externally caused signals and pre-tune the actuator.
- Good Regulator Theorem
- In neuroscience and motor control, forward and inverse models in cerebellar control, and the predictive-coding view of cortex as a generative model reconciling itself to sensory input, instantiate the same requirement.
This sourceEmpirical evidence that the CNS maintains an internal forward model for state estimation in motor control, instantiating the regulator-as-model requirement in the nervous system; related to cerebellar forward/inverse models and predictive coding.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
The abstract supports an internal forward model used for state estimation in human sensorimotor control, i.e. the neuroscience half of the claim, but says nothing about cerebellar forward/inverse models or cortical predictive coding.
“These results provide direct support for the existence of an internal model.”
- In neuroscience and motor control, forward and inverse models in cerebellar control, and the predictive-coding view of cortex as a generative model reconciling itself to sensory input, instantiate the same requirement.
- Perception Action Loop
- Neuroscience. Predictive processing, efference copy and corollary discharge, motor involvement in perception, and the dorsal stream coupling visual information to action affordances.
This sourceForward models and efference copy predicting the sensory consequences of one's own actions — the reafference/predictive basis of sensorimotor control.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
The abstract backs only the internal-model/predictive half of the claim: the CNS internally simulates motor dynamics, but it says nothing about efference copy, corollary discharge, perception or the dorsal stream.
“On the basis of computational studies it has been proposed that the central nervous system internally simulates the dynamic behavior of the motor system in planning, control, and learning; the existence and use of such an internal model is still under debate.”
- Neuroscience. Predictive processing, efference copy and corollary discharge, motor involvement in perception, and the dorsal stream coupling visual information to action affordances.
Mechanisms¶
- Forward-Model Prediction
- Its strength is that it converts a known action into a specific, comparable expectation — the forward model of motor control and control theory, an internal predictor of the sensory consequences of one's own actions.
This sourceDefines a forward internal model that uses the current state and a motor command to predict the next state and anticipated sensory consequences of the action for comparison with later feedback.
- Its strength is that it converts a known action into a specific, comparable expectation — the forward model of motor control and control theory, an internal predictor of the sensory consequences of one's own actions.
Verification¶
Does it exist? Confirmed. This work's DOI resolves to a registered record, which fixes its identity. That is all it fixes.
Does it back the claim? Read against the text for 3 of 5 citations: 3 supported in part. Each verdict is shown under its citation below, with what in the work backs the sentence.
Support is checked per citation rather than per work — the same source can be cited soundly in one article and wrongly in another. Per-citation recording began recently, so a citation with no recorded check is a gap in the record rather than evidence it went unchecked.
See how references were verified.
Registry ID ref:c466eb949f91 · see in the full table