Introduction à l'étude de la médecine expérimentale¶
Bernard, C. (1865). Introduction à l'étude de la médecine expérimentale.
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1 citation across 1 artifact.
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Primes¶
- Homeostasis
- Not static equilibrium — homeostasis is dynamic equilibrium: the system actively expends energy/effort to maintain setpoint against continuously-arriving disturbances, an insight Bernard (1865) anticipated in his Introduction à l'étude de la médecine expérimentale with the concept of the milieu intérieur maintained against an external environment.
This sourceJ. B. Baillière. Foundational physiology: introduces the milieu intérieur — the constancy of the internal environment maintained against an inconstant external environment — as the precondition of free, complex life; direct conceptual ancestor of Cannon's homeostasis.
Supported in partVerified against the work's full text
Bernard's text states that the internal milieu stands in immediate relation to vital manifestations and must be more perfected in complex organisms, but it does not state dynamic equilibrium, setpoint, or energy expenditure.
“En effet c'est le milieu intérieur des êtres vivants qui est toujours en rapport immédiat avec les manifestations vitales, normales ou pathologiques des éléments organiques. A mesure qu'on s'élève dans l'échelle des êtres vivants, l'organisation se complique, les éléments organiques deviennent plus déhcats et ont besoin d'un miheu in- térieur plus perfectionné.”
- Not static equilibrium — homeostasis is dynamic equilibrium: the system actively expends energy/effort to maintain setpoint against continuously-arriving disturbances, an insight Bernard (1865) anticipated in his Introduction à l'étude de la médecine expérimentale with the concept of the milieu intérieur maintained against an external environment.
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