Selection by Consequences.¶
Skinner, B. F. (1981). Selection by Consequences. Science, 213(4507), 501-504.
Cited by¶
1 citation across 1 artifact.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Natural Selection
- There is a deep and explicitly open structural question here — whether natural_selection is the genus of reinforcement, both being instances of "selection by consequence" (Skinner's phrase) operating at different levels (population/generational for selection, individual/lifetime for reinforcement).
This sourceArgues that natural selection and operant reinforcement are instances of one causal mode — selection by consequences — operating at the population/generational and individual/lifetime levels respectively; the source of the open genus question.
Supported in partVerified against the publisher's abstract
Skinner's abstract states one causal mode, selection by consequences, first recognized in natural selection and also governing individual behaviour and culture, but it does not pose the genus-of-reinforcement question or call it open.
“Selection by consequences is a causal mode found only in living things, or in machines made by living things. It was first recognized in natural selection, but it also accounts for the shaping and maintenance of the behavior of the individual and the evolution of cultures.”
- There is a deep and explicitly open structural question here — whether natural_selection is the genus of reinforcement, both being instances of "selection by consequence" (Skinner's phrase) operating at different levels (population/generational for selection, individual/lifetime for reinforcement).
Verification¶
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Registry ID ref:d9e7fc433291 · see in the full table