The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism.¶
Trivers, R. L. (1971). The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism. Quarterly Review of Biology, 46(1), 35-57.
Cited by¶
4 citations across 4 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Cooperation
- Trivers' (1971) account of reciprocal altruism established that this stabilizing logic operates even among non-kin and even among non-human organisms, wherever interactions repeat and defection can be detected and answered.
This sourceModels natural selection of reciprocally altruistic behavior among non-kin (and non-humans), showing selection operates against cheaters where interactions repeat and defection is detectable.
- Trivers' (1971) account of reciprocal altruism established that this stabilizing logic operates even among non-kin and even among non-human organisms, wherever interactions repeat and defection can be detected and answered.
- Reciprocity
This sourceFoundational paper distinguishing cooperation as conditional, response-contingent action from sustained structural coupling; clarifies why cooperation and symbiosis are related but distinct concepts.
- Shadow Of The Future
- In evolutionary biology, iterated cooperation in dilemma-structured interactions, reciprocal blood-sharing in vampire bats, grooming reciprocity in primates, and reputation-based partner choice in cleaner-fish mutualisms all instantiate the pattern with evolutionary rather than deliberate expectations.
This sourceEstablishes reciprocal altruism, the biological route by which repeated, recognized interaction makes cooperation among self-interested organisms evolutionarily stable.
- In evolutionary biology, iterated cooperation in dilemma-structured interactions, reciprocal blood-sharing in vampire bats, grooming reciprocity in primates, and reputation-based partner choice in cleaner-fish mutualisms all instantiate the pattern with evolutionary rather than deliberate expectations.
- Symbiosis
- As Trivers (1971) clarifies in his analysis of reciprocal altruism, cooperation refers to coordinated action toward a shared end conditioned on partner response; symbiosis is a structural living-together that may or may not involve cooperation and may even be antagonistic (as in parasitism).
This sourceFoundational paper distinguishing cooperation as conditional, response-contingent action from sustained structural coupling; clarifies why cooperation and symbiosis are related but distinct concepts.
- As Trivers (1971) clarifies in his analysis of reciprocal altruism, cooperation refers to coordinated action toward a shared end conditioned on partner response; symbiosis is a structural living-together that may or may not involve cooperation and may even be antagonistic (as in parasitism).
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