Implementation¶
Pressman, J. L., & Wildavsky, A. B. (1973). Implementation: How Great Expectations in Washington Are Dashed in Oakland; Or, Why It’s Amazing that Federal Programs Work at All, This Being a Saga of the Economic Development Administration as Told by Two Sympathetic Observers Who Seek to Build Morals on a Foundation of Ruined Hopes. University of California Press.
Cited by¶
2 citations across 2 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Domain-specific¶
- Policy Design
- The textbook case is the one Pressman and Wildavsky dissected in Implementation (1973): the U.S. Economic Development Administration's 1966 program to create jobs for unemployed minority residents of Oakland, California
This sourceThe Economic Development Administration's Oakland programme as the case dissected in Pressman and Wildavsky's Implementation. Pressman and Wildavsky's 'complexity of joint action' analysis of why the Economic Development Administration's Oakland programme stalled.
Supported in partVerified against the work's full text
“Reappraisal of Urban [Development] [Administration] in Oakland, [California]." Master of city planning”
- The textbook case is the one Pressman and Wildavsky dissected in Implementation (1973): the U.S. Economic Development Administration's 1966 program to create jobs for unemployed minority residents of Oakland, California
Mechanisms¶
- Policy Pathway Analysis
- Its failure mode is assuming the text determines practice, when discretion, informal workarounds, and local custom often dominate — the map of the rule is not the map of the reality, a gap long documented in implementation studies
This sourceDocuments a persistent gap between formal policy expectations and what implementation produces in practice.
- Its failure mode is assuming the text determines practice, when discretion, informal workarounds, and local custom often dominate — the map of the rule is not the map of the reality, a gap long documented in implementation studies
Verification¶
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Does it back the claim? Read against the text for 1 of 2 citations: 1 supported in part. Each verdict is shown under its citation below, with what in the work backs the sentence.
Support is checked per citation rather than per work — the same source can be cited soundly in one article and wrongly in another. Per-citation recording began recently, so a citation with no recorded check is a gap in the record rather than evidence it went unchecked.
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Registry ID ref:f97ec24fa6b1 · see in the full table