A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive¶
Mill, J. S. (1843). A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive: Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence and the Methods of Scientific Investigation.
Cited by¶
8 citations across 8 artifacts.
Each citation links to the sentence it supports in the citing article.
Primes¶
- Comparative Method
- The method's logical structure — that variation across cases constrains causal inference in the absence of experimental control — was subsequently formalized in John Stuart Mill's A System of Logic (1843), where Mill codified the methods of agreement, difference, residues, and concomitant variation as the canonical comparative procedures for causal reasoning in observational domains.
This sourceCodifies the methods of agreement, difference, residues, and concomitant variation — the canonical comparative procedures for causal reasoning in observational domains; supports the claim that Mill formalized the logical structure of the comparative method. (Citation-fix: the prior annotation framed the methods as underlying uniformitarian reasoning, a leftover; the book supports the methods-of-induction claim attributed to it.)
- The method's logical structure — that variation across cases constrains causal inference in the absence of experimental control — was subsequently formalized in John Stuart Mill's A System of Logic (1843), where Mill codified the methods of agreement, difference, residues, and concomitant variation as the canonical comparative procedures for causal reasoning in observational domains.
- Emergence
- Irreducibility: descriptive and explanatory
This sourceJohn W. Parker. Introduces 'heteropathic' laws/effects (chemical-mode causation where the joint effect is not the sum of components) — the founding statement of British emergentism (Prime's annotation about 'methods of induction / uniformitarian reasoning' was a leftover from another prime; corrected.)
- Irreducibility: descriptive and explanatory
- Inductive Reasoning
- Mill's systematic methods of induction
This sourceJohn W. Parker. Develops the canonical "methods of induction" (agreement, difference, residues, concomitant variation) by which present-observed regularities license inferences about unobserved cases — the logical structure that underlies uniformitarian reasoning in historical sciences.
- Mill's systematic methods of induction
- Uniformitarianism
- The assumption is pragmatic: without some bridging assumption, inference about unobservable past is impossible; uniformitarianism is the default bridging assumption in empirical historical sciences, paralleling Mill's (1843) methods of induction by which present-observed regularities license inferences beyond direct observation.
This sourceJohn W. Parker. Develops the canonical "methods of induction" (agreement, difference, residues, concomitant variation) by which present-observed regularities license inferences about unobserved cases — the logical structure that underlies uniformitarian reasoning in historical sciences.
- The assumption is pragmatic: without some bridging assumption, inference about unobservable past is impossible; uniformitarianism is the default bridging assumption in empirical historical sciences, paralleling Mill's (1843) methods of induction by which present-observed regularities license inferences beyond direct observation.
Mechanisms¶
- Comparative-Case Attribution Test
- Select cases that vary one axis. Similar structure with a different actor (Mill's Method of Difference), or similar actor-type under a different structure, so the varying factor is the suspected cause.
This sourceDefines the Method of Difference as comparing cases alike in every circumstance but one and treating the differing circumstance as causal or necessary.
- Select cases that vary one axis. Similar structure with a different actor (Mill's Method of Difference), or similar actor-type under a different structure, so the varying factor is the suspected cause.
- Comparative Case Constraint Check
- A candidate that is constant across diverging cases is exonerated; a candidate that varies with the outcome is indicted.
This sourceStates the method of difference: a circumstance common to cases with different outcomes is excluded, while the circumstance that differs with the outcome is implicated.
- A candidate that is constant across diverging cases is exonerated; a candidate that varies with the outcome is indicted.
- Matched Case Pairing Matrix
- That isolation is the classical method of difference, and it is precisely the input the next step needs.
This sourceDefines the Method of Difference as comparing otherwise matched instances to isolate the single circumstance associated with a phenomenon.
- That isolation is the classical method of difference, and it is precisely the input the next step needs.
- Minimal-Difference Matrix
- Its strength is that it makes a difference footprint explicit and countable, operationalizing Mill's method of difference: when two cases share every circumstance but one and differ in the outcome, that one circumstance is the difference-maker.
This sourceStates Mill’s Method of Difference: when two instances share every circumstance but one and the phenomenon differs, the differing circumstance is the effect, cause, or indispensable part of the cause.
- Its strength is that it makes a difference footprint explicit and countable, operationalizing Mill's method of difference: when two cases share every circumstance but one and differ in the outcome, that one circumstance is the difference-maker.
Verification¶
Does it exist? Not checked yet. This entry carries no identifier to resolve. It was extracted from the citation as written in the article, normalized, and deduplicated against the rest of the registry.
Does it back the claim? Not recorded. Neither this nor any other of the 8 citations of this work carries a recorded support check.
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Links previously used in the corpus¶
Before the registry existed this work was also linked 4 other ways.
- https://search.worldcat.org/title/A-system-of-logic-ratiocinative-and-inductive-%3A-being-a-connected-view-of-the-principles-of-evidence-and-methods-of-scientific-investigation/oclc/719403922 ×2
- https://archive.org/details/systemoflogicrat01mill ×1
- https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=mRcVAAAAYAAJ&oe=UTF-8 ×1
- https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/27942 ×1
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