Homes's law¶

In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.

Version: v1 · 2026-09-28 · History
Domain-specific #: 9893
Domain group: Natural Sciences
Origin domain: Physics
Subdomains: Superconductivity, Condensed Matter Physics → Physics

Core Idea¶

Homes's law is treated here as the recurring natural_sciences_engineering_health identity summarized by this source-grounded definition: In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.

In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. critical temperature (T c ) is proportional to the strength of the superconducting state for temperatures well below T c close to zero temperature (also referred to as the fully formed superfluid density, \rho_{s0} ) multiplied by the electrical resistivity \rho_{dc} measured just above the critical temperature. In cuprate high-temperature superconductors the relation follows the form.

\rho_{dc}^{\alpha\,\rho_{s0}}\alpha/8 \simeq 4.4\,T_c ,. \rho_{s0}^\alpha/8 \simeq 4.4\,\sigma_{dc}^\alpha\, T_c. Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are.

For Homes's law, the abstraction is narrower than the article's general subject matter: a positive case must preserve In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. Retaining only the name, a familiar example, or a downstream effect is insufficient. The specialist roles and tests remain anchored in natural_sciences_engineering_health, which is why this identity is domain-specific rather than prime.

Structural Signature¶

Sig role-phrases:

Defining carrier — critical temperature (T c ) is proportional to the strength of the superconducting state for temperatures well below T c close to zero temperature (also referred to as the fully formed superfluid density, \rho_{s0} ) multiplied by the electrical resistivity \rho_{dc} measured just above the critical temperature.
Constitutive relation — ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the.
Operating condition — Nevertheless, it was shown by Heath and Boyack in Physical Review Letters in 2025 that electron-phonon superconductors in the clean limit do exhibit linear Homes scaling with strong enough coupling.
Recognition evidence — On the other hand, it has been recently demonstrated by Sasa Dordevic and coworkers that.
Admissible variation — The law is named for physicist Christopher Homes and was first presented in the July 29, 2004 edition of Nature, and was the subject of a News and Views article by Jan Zaanen in the same issue in which he speculated that the high transition temperatures observed in the.
Characteristic consequence — permitted by the laws of quantum physics.
Failure boundary — In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.

What It Is Not¶

Not the whole field of natural_sciences_engineering_health. The node requires the specific identity stated by In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.
Not an over-broad reading. ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the.
Not an over-broad reading. In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.
Not an over-broad reading. Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are.
Not automatically BCS theory. Retrieval proximity does not establish equivalence; the two identities must be compared by carrier, operation, and failure boundary.

Scope of Application¶

Homes's law applies literally inside natural_sciences_engineering_health wherever the source-defined carrier and relation can be established. Its documented habitats include:

Documented setting. In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.
Documented setting. Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are.
Documented setting. Note that this expression assumes that the conductivity and temperature have both been recast in units.
Documented setting. of cm −1 (or s −1 ), and that the superfluid density has units of cm −2.
Documented setting. cuprate superconductors are because the metallic states in these materials are as viscous as.
Documented setting. Physical Review B in 2005, in which it was argued that any material that falls on the scaling line is likely in the.

Outside natural_sciences_engineering_health, the name should be retained only when these same operational conditions survive; otherwise the comparison belongs to the broader parent Pattern or should be marked as analogy.

Clarity¶

A clear use of Homes's law names the carrier, the operative relation, and the conditions under which the source treats the identity as present. The minimal definition is In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. The strongest recognition evidence in the frozen account is: On the other hand, it has been recently demonstrated by Sasa Dordevic and coworkers that. A report should distinguish that evidence from a proxy, consequence, or common implementation. It should also state the qualification ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the. so that a reader can reproduce the classification rather than infer it from topical resemblance.

Manages Complexity¶

Homes's law compresses multiple natural_sciences_engineering_health details into a stable diagnostic relation. The source shows both the central mechanism—ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the.—and the practical consequence—permitted by the laws of quantum physics. This compression makes cases comparable while leaving parameters, conventions, exceptions, and evidential quality explicit. It is lossy by design: local history and implementation details may be omitted only when they do not alter the defining relation.

Abstract Reasoning¶

Type the carrier. Identify the natural_sciences_engineering_health entities to which the claim applies.
State the relation. Use the source-grounded identity: In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.
Check operation and conditions. Nevertheless, it was shown by Heath and Boyack in Physical Review Letters in 2025 that electron-phonon superconductors in the clean limit do exhibit linear Homes scaling with strong enough coupling.
Demand recognition evidence. On the other hand, it has been recently demonstrated by Sasa Dordevic and coworkers that.
Test variation. Change an implementation or setting while preserving the law is named for physicist Christopher Homes and was first presented in the July 29, 2004 edition of Nature, and was the subject of a News and Views article by Jan Zaanen in the same issue in which he speculated that the high transition temperatures observed in the.
Run the collapse test. Remove the defining operation; if the label still seems equally apt, only a topic or correlate was retained.
Reduce cautiously. When the specialist conditions cannot be carried, route the residual comparison to Pattern.

Knowledge Transfer¶

Within the home domain. Knowledge about Homes's law transfers literally when a new case preserves the same carrier type, relation, and recognition test. In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are.

Beyond the home domain. No canonical parent is asserted for Homes's law. An outside case receives the specialist name only when the same typed roles and rejection conditions can be filled literally; otherwise the comparison remains an analogy pending later graph densification.

Examples¶

Canonical¶

In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. This case is canonical because it supplies a concrete carrier and lets the defining relation be checked rather than merely named.

Mapped back: carrier → the entities in the documented case; operation → In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's; recognition evidence → On the other hand, it has been recently demonstrated by Sasa Dordevic and coworkers that

Applied / In Practice¶

Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are. The applied case shows how the identity is used under a second setting or qualification while keeping the same operative relation.

Mapped back: changed setting → the applied context; invariant → In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's; boundary → the case exits the class when ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the

Structural Tensions¶

T1 — Stable identity versus admissible variation. ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the. The tension matters because emphasizing only one side either dissolves the identity or overstates what the evidence and domain conventions warrant.

Diagnostic: Which changes preserve the defining relation, and which replace it?

T2 — Recognition versus proxy. In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. The tension matters because emphasizing only one side either dissolves the identity or overstates what the evidence and domain conventions warrant.

Diagnostic: Does the cited evidence establish the identity or only a correlated sign?

T3 — Definition versus implementation. Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are. The tension matters because emphasizing only one side either dissolves the identity or overstates what the evidence and domain conventions warrant.

Diagnostic: Is the observed implementation constitutive, optional, or merely common?

T4 — Scope versus overextension. Note that this expression assumes that the conductivity and temperature have both been recast in units. The tension matters because emphasizing only one side either dissolves the identity or overstates what the evidence and domain conventions warrant.

Diagnostic: Can every claimed application fill the same typed roles without metaphor?

T5 — Transfer versus domain accent. critical temperature (T c ) is proportional to the strength of the superconducting state for temperatures well below T c close to zero temperature (also referred to as the fully formed superfluid density, \rho_{s0} ) multiplied by the electrical resistivity \rho_{dc} measured just above the critical temperature. The tension matters because emphasizing only one side either dissolves the identity or overstates what the evidence and domain conventions warrant.

Diagnostic: Does the receiving case instantiate Homes's law literally, co-instantiate Pattern, or only resemble it?

T6 — Autonomy versus reduction. ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the. The tension matters because emphasizing only one side either dissolves the identity or overstates what the evidence and domain conventions warrant.

Diagnostic: What does Homes's law distinguish that the broader parent Pattern leaves together?

Terminal boundary synthesis. For Homes's law, the terminal identity test begins with the definition In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's.. A reviewer must then establish the carrier and operation described by critical temperature (T c ) is proportional to the strength of the superconducting state for temperatures well below T c close to zero temperature (also referred to as the fully formed superfluid density, \rho{s0} ) multiplied by the electrical resistivity \rho{dc} measured just above the critical temperature. and ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the.. Recognition is constrained by Nevertheless, it was shown by Heath and Boyack in Physical Review Letters in 2025 that electron-phonon superconductors in the clean limit do exhibit linear Homes scaling with strong enough coupling., while admissible variation is limited by On the other hand, it has been recently demonstrated by Sasa Dordevic and coworkers that. and the collapse boundary The law is named for physicist Christopher Homes and was first presented in the July 29, 2004 edition of Nature, and was the subject of a News and Views article by Jan Zaanen in the same issue in which he speculated that the high transition temperatures observed in the.. The source-domain setting in natural sciences engineering health matters because In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. and Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are. specify where those roles have literal occupants. The strongest negative controls are The node requires the specific identity stated by In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. and ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the.; a case satisfying either exclusion should not be rescued merely because its label or examples look familiar.

Terminal adjudication sequence. First, bind the claimed instance to a concrete carrier and state the criterion by which In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. is recognized. Second, vary implementation, scale, notation, and example while holding ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the. fixed; persistence supports one identity rather than several topic fragments. Third, remove Nevertheless, it was shown by Heath and Boyack in Physical Review Letters in 2025 that electron-phonon superconductors in the clean limit do exhibit linear Homes scaling with strong enough coupling. or trigger The law is named for physicist Christopher Homes and was first presented in the July 29, 2004 edition of Nature, and was the subject of a News and Views article by Jan Zaanen in the same issue in which he speculated that the high transition temperatures observed in the. and verify that the classification fails. Fourth, compare the result with the two negative controls instead of relying on name similarity. Fifth, check scope against In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. and record any qualification supplied by natural sciences engineering health. Finally, audit the graph claim. The approved unparented placement prevents a weak lexical resemblance from becoming a false ontological claim; a later edge must preserve every constitutive role stated here. This sequence makes the entry rejectable, keeps analogy separate from literal transfer, and exposes which fact would require revision.

Structural–Framed Character¶

Homes's law is structural-leaning. Its structural side is the repeatable organization summarized by In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. Its framed side is the natural_sciences_engineering_health vocabulary that fixes the carrier, evidence, exceptions, and admissible transformations.

Evaluative weight: the identity can be stated descriptively even when applications carry practical stakes. Human-practice dependence: the source-grounded carrier determines whether the relation exists independently or is constituted by a practice. Institutional origin: disciplinary conventions stabilize the name and test. Vocabulary portability: Nevertheless, it was shown by Heath and Boyack in Physical Review Letters in 2025 that electron-phonon superconductors in the clean limit do exhibit linear Homes scaling with strong enough coupling. Import versus recognition: literal transfer requires the same mechanism; shape alone is analogy.

Its portable skeleton is Pattern. Its character: a recurring specialist identity whose thin organization can be abstracted, while its operational meaning remains domain-bound.

Structural Core vs. Domain Accent¶

What is skeletal. In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. The stable skeleton is the typed relation expressed in that definition and the entry's recognition and collapse tests. The source identifies these operative conditions: critical temperature (T c ) is proportional to the strength of the superconducting state for temperatures well below T c close to zero temperature (also referred to as the fully formed superfluid density, \rho{s0} ) multiplied by the electrical resistivity \rho{dc} measured just above the critical temperature. ξ 0 ≫ l); however, a paper by Vladimir Kogan in Physical Review B in 2013 has shown that the. It further constrains recognition and variation through: Nevertheless, it was shown by Heath and Boyack in Physical Review Letters in 2025 that electron-phonon superconductors in the clean limit do exhibit linear Homes scaling with strong enough coupling. On the other hand, it has been recently demonstrated by Sasa Dordevic and coworkers that.

What is domain-bound. natural sciences engineering health supplies the operative entities, technical vocabulary, warrants, and exceptions that make Homes's law literal. Its documented scope includes the condition that In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. Another bounded application condition is that Many novel superconductors are anisotropic, so the resistivity and the superfluid density are. These are not decorative examples; they determine which carrier and evidence can fill the abstraction's roles.

Why no parent is asserted. Removing those specialist details does not currently yield one live catalog node that is a necessary genus for every instance. The entry is therefore approved as unparented rather than attached by topical resemblance. Its collapse evidence remains specific—The law is named for physicist Christopher Homes and was first presented in the July 29, 2004 edition of Nature, and was the subject of a News and Views article by Jan Zaanen in the same issue in which he speculated that the high transition temperatures observed in the.—and future graph densification may discover a defensible relation only if it preserves that boundary.

Approved unparented node. No current live node supplies a defensible necessary genus or structural prerequisite for Homes's law. The reviewed identity is: In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's. The accelerated suggestion was declined because topical or lexical similarity does not establish hierarchy; the node is admitted without a parent pending later graph densification.
Related reasoning operations. Evidence, representation, comparison, classification, transformation, or evaluation may participate in particular cases, but participation does not make any one of them a necessary parent of every instance.

Neighborhood in Abstraction Space¶

Homes's law sits in a moderately populated region (59^th percentile for distinctiveness): it has near-neighbors but no dense thicket of look-alikes.

Family — Condensed Matter & Physical Chemistry Models (26 abstractions)

Nearest neighbors

Computed from structural-signature embeddings · 2026-10-08

Not to Be Confused With¶

Pattern. The parent omits the specialist differentia. Tell: Can the case establish In superconductivity, Homes's law is an empirical relation that states that a superconductor's?
BCS theory. Model conventional superconductivity microscopically by an effective attraction that pairs fermions near the Fermi surface into a phase-coherent many-body state with a self-consistent excitation gap, while separating the original weak-coupling isotropic theory from justified extensions. Tell: Which entry's carrier, operation, and failure condition are satisfied?
Conservation Laws. Quantities remain constant. Tell: Which entry's carrier, operation, and failure condition are satisfied?
Eötvös rule. An empirical corresponding-states relation approximating how a pure liquid’s surface tension decreases toward zero near its critical temperature. Tell: Which entry's carrier, operation, and failure condition are satisfied?
A measurement, proxy, or consequence. Those may provide evidence without being the identity. Tell: Would Homes's law remain present if the detector or downstream effect changed?
A metaphorical analogue. A similar shape outside natural_sciences_engineering_health lacks the specialist mechanism. Tell: Do the native roles transfer literally, or only the parent Pattern?

References¶

Frozen Wikipedia discovery revision: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homes%27s_law (revision 1369639844).

The frozen Wikipedia revision is discovery provenance. The retained source set was reviewed for identity, formal or operational relation, and scope. The encyclopedia's structural synthesis is bounded to those claims; a thin authority surface is recorded as a nonblocking source-strengthening repair rather than concealed.