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Cache Inclusion Policy

A multilevel-cache policy that maintains an inclusive, exclusive, or unconstrained residency relation between cache levels through coordinated fill, movement, eviction, and invalidation actions.

Version
v2 · 2026-09-06 · History
Domain-specific #
1426
Origin domain
computer architecture
Subdomain
multilevel processor-cache organization
Aliases
Cache inclusivity policy, Cache inclusion property, Multilevel cache inclusion policy

Core Idea

Cache inclusion policy specifies and maintains the permitted residency relation between data blocks in two or more levels of a processor-cache hierarchy. Let \(A_I\) be the set of block addresses resident in an inner cache, closer to a processor, and \(A_O\) the set resident in an outer cache. An inclusive relation requires \(A_I \subseteq A_O\); a strictly exclusive relation requires \(A_I \cap A_O = \varnothing\); and a non-inclusive, non-exclusive (NINE) relation imposes neither invariant, so an address may occur in both levels or only one.

Scope of Application

The home scope is multilevel hardware caches: private L1/L2 caches under shared last-level caches, multilevel accelerator and GPU caches, and other on-chip memory hierarchies that move addressed blocks among cache levels. The policy may be defined pairwise—L1 relative to L2, L2 relative to L3—or over a whole tree of private caches beneath a shared outer level.

The abstraction also applies when tags and data take different policies. An architecture can use a non-inclusive data array while maintaining an inclusive directory of inner-cache tags.

Clarity

The fastest diagnostic uses two snapshots and one counterfactual:

  1. For every address in the inner cache, must a corresponding outer tag exist? If yes, the relation is inclusive. 2. May an address occupy both scoped data arrays at once? If no, the relation is exclusive. 3. If an outer line is evicted while an inner copy remains, must the inner copy be invalidated or relocated solely to preserve a membership rule?

Manages Complexity

The abstraction compresses a large event table into one invariant. Instead of separately memorizing what every fill, hit, miss, replacement, coherence probe, and eviction does, an architect asks what action restores or preserves the selected set relation.

For inclusion, this reasoning immediately explains why an outer eviction can require back-invalidation, why the outer structure can act as a presence filter, and why contention in an outer set can evict a useful inner line.

Abstract Reasoning

Inclusion-policy reasoning supports deduction from invariants before simulation.

Containment deduction. If \(A_I \subseteq A_O\) and an address misses in \(O\), it cannot be resident in \(I\), assuming the lookup and state are at a coherent protocol point. An outer tag lookup can therefore filter a probe of included inner caches.

Knowledge Transfer

The abstraction transfers literally across processor families and research cache designs. An engineer can use the same set-relation and transition test for a private L1 under L2, several private L2 caches under a shared L3, or a CPU/GPU hierarchy. The labels remain exact only when address residency and preservation actions retain the same meaning.

Design knowledge transfers as conditional rules:

Relationships to Other Abstractions

Local relationship map for Cache Inclusion PolicyParents appear above the current abstraction, mutual partners to the right, and children below. Node labels state whether each abstraction is prime or domain-specific; colors identify relation types.Cache InclusionPolicyDOMAINPrime abstraction: Caching — presupposesCachingPRIME

Current abstraction Cache Inclusion Policy Domain-specific

Parents (1) — more general patterns this builds on

  • Cache Inclusion Policy presupposes Caching Prime

    Caching is the minimal proposed parent.

Hierarchy paths (9) — routes to 7 parentless roots

Neighborhood in Abstraction Space

Cache Inclusion Policy sits in a sparse region of the domain-specific corpus (89th percentile for distinctiveness): few abstractions share its structure, so a faithful description tends to retrieve it precisely.

Family — Unclustered & Miscellaneous (1565 abstractions)

Nearest neighbors

Computed from structural-signature embeddings · 2026-09-08