Humanities¶
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Interpretive study of human meaning-making — texts, objects, ideas, traditions, and the categories that organize experience. Proceed by close reading, argument, historical reconstruction, and conceptual analysis. The hallmark artefact is the interpretation or argument.
199 primes · 869 domain-specific abstractions across 8 domains in this group. Both layers draw on the same canonical roster; a domain's group is derived from it, never stored on an entity.
| Domain | Primes | Domain-specific |
|---|---|---|
| Cultural Studies | 0 | 14 |
| History & Historiography | 21 | 26 |
| Linguistics & Semiotics | 34 | 320 |
| Literature & Literary Theory | 6 | 114 |
| Material Culture & Museum Studies | 1 | 8 |
| Philosophy | 125 | 278 |
| Religious Studies & Theology | 1 | 24 |
| Rhetoric | 11 | 85 |
Cultural Studies
The interdisciplinary study of culture as a site of power, identity, representation, and resistance — with particular attention to popular culture, subcultures, media, consumer culture, and marginalized voices. Canonical traditions: Birmingham School (Hall, Hoggart, Williams), Frankfurt School, postcolonial theory (Said, Spivak, Bhabha), cultural materialism.
See also: Sociology & Anthropology, Communication & Media Studies, Philosophy
14 domain-specific abstractions
- Cumulative Tale
- Data decolonization
- Encoding/decoding model of communication
- Game design
- Hyperreality
- Imperial boomerang
- Memory work
- Origin Myth
- Outlaw Hero (Stock Character)
- Salad bowl (cultural idea)
- Structure of feeling
- Theorycraft
- Third Space Theory
- Transculturalism
History & Historiography
The study of past human events, and the meta-discipline that examines how historical knowledge is constructed, periodized, narrated, and contested. Canonical traditions: narrative history, social history, Annales school longue durée, cliometrics, microhistory, global history, history of science.
See also: Sociology & Anthropology, Philosophy (philosophy of history), Political Science
21 primes
- Anachronism
- Appellation
- Comparative Method
- Conservation Event
- Continuity vs. Rupture
- Custody Transfer
- Event-Centered Modeling
- Golden Age Metaphor
- Great Man Theory
- Historical Determinism
- Historical Empathy
- Historicism
- Identifier Assignment
- Identity-Preserving Modification
- Microhistory vs. Macrohistory
- Narrative Construction (in History)
- Periodization
- Presentism
- Primary vs. Secondary Sources
- Provenance
- Revisionism
26 domain-specific abstractions
- Ahnentafel
- Astronomical chronology
- Christian Humanism
- Chronological Synchronism
- Cliometrics
- Counterfactual history
- Decolonization
- Detribalization
- Estates of the realm
- Furtive fallacy
- Great Father and Great Mother
- Heroic Theory of Invention and Scientific Development
- Historian's fallacy
- Historical significance
- Historiometry
- Oral history
- Pedigree collapse
- Prosopography
- Regnal number
- School of Thought
- Tanistry
- Translatio imperii
- Translatio studii
- Typometry (printing)
- Unwitting Testimony
- Vernacular memory
Linguistics & Semiotics
The systematic study of language and signs — their structure (phonology, morphology, syntax), meaning (semantics, pragmatics), and role in cognition, society, and representation. Canonical traditions: structuralism (Saussure, Jakobson), generative grammar (Chomsky), functional linguistics, sociolinguistics, semiotics (Peirce, Eco).
See also: Cognitive Science, Philosophy (of language), Literature & Literary Theory, Computer Science & Software Engineering (natural language processing)
34 primes
- Abstract Work
- Adjacency Pair
- Alias-to-Authority Mapping
- Arbitrariness of Symbolic Conventions
- Code-Switching
- Communication Repair
- Compositionality
- Context
- Context Stripping
- Contextual Mode Switching
- Cooperative Principle and Gricean Maxims
- Deixis
- Emergent Formalization (Language)
- Iconicity
- Icon–Index–Symbol Distinction
- Linguistic Universals
- Local Sequence Legality
- Markedness
- Meaning
- Meta-Symbolic Reflection
- Metaphor
- Minimal Pairs
- Paradigmatic vs. Syntagmatic Relations
- Polysemy
- Pragmatic Politeness Strategies
- Pragmatics
- Referent
- Register (Style) Shifting
- Setup–Resolution Pair
- Signifier–Signified Duality
- Speech Act Theory (Illocution, Perlocution)
- Symbolic Representation
- Synchronic vs. Diachronic Analysis
- Variation and Sociolect
320 domain-specific abstractions
- Abbreviation
- Ablative (Latin)
- Absolute and relative terms
- Absolute Construction
- Absolutive case
- Abstract Meaning Representation
- Accessible Language Exposure for Deaf Children
- Accidental Morphological Gap
- Actant
- Active–Stative Alignment
- Adjunct (Grammar)
- Advanced and Retracted Tongue Root
- Adverbial complement
- Agglutination
- Agreement (linguistics)
- Allophone
- Alphabet
- Alternative label
- Alternative semantics
- Anacoluthon
- Analogical change
- Anaptyxis
- Antecedent-Contained Deletion
- Antessive Case
- Apo Koinou Construction
- Apophony
- Apparent-time hypothesis
- Aptronym (Charactonym)
- Assibilation
- Attraction (grammar)
- Authority Record
- Authorized access point
- Autocausative Verb
- Autological word
- Back-formation
- Bare Nouns
- Basis of Articulation
- Boundary Tone
- Calque
- Cant
- Captative verb
- CARS Model
- Case grammar
- Categorial Grammar
- Center versus Periphery
- Chain Shift
- Chômeur
- Circumlocution
- Clause
- Codification (linguistics)
- … and 270 more — see all
Literature & Literary Theory
The study and practice of written imaginative works and the theoretical apparatus used to analyze them. Covers poetics, narratology, genre theory, rhetoric, hermeneutics, and the history of literary criticism. Canonical traditions: Aristotelian poetics, New Criticism, structuralism and post-structuralism, reader-response theory, deconstruction, narratology.
See also: Linguistics & Semiotics, Philosophy, Cultural Studies, Art & Aesthetics, Communication & Media Studies
6 primes
114 domain-specific abstractions
- Acrostic
- Alien Space Bats
- Anagnorisis
- Analepsis (Flashback)
- Anceps
- Antilabe
- Asefru
- Audience Reveal
- Bahr (poetry)
- Balliol rhyme
- Byronic Hero
- Canon
- Catalexis
- Chronotope
- Collaborative poetry
- Common measure
- Conflict (Narrative)
- Constrained writing
- Cut-up technique
- Damsel in Distress
- Dark lord
- Dawn Parting of Lovers
- Dead metaphor
- Denouement
- Dialogism
- Dialogue (Bakhtin)
- Dream Vision
- Dynamic Character
- Epic Laws of Folk Narrative
- Explication de Texte
- Exposition (narrative)
- Fake memoir
- Flashforward
- Floating timeline
- Focalisation
- Foil (literature)
- Frame tale
- Free Indirect Discourse
- Genre
- Gentleman Thief
- Heteroglossia
- Horizon of Expectations
- Hybrid genre
- Ideogrammic method
- Idiot Plot
- Implied Reader
- Intercalary chapter
- Intertextuality
- Irony
- Knight-Errant
- … and 64 more — see all
Material Culture & Museum Studies
The study of objects as historical, cultural, and social actors — how artefacts are made, used, preserved, interpreted, and exhibited. Encompasses museology, heritage studies, and conservation practice.
See also: Sociology & Anthropology, History & Historiography, Art & Aesthetics, Library & Information Science
1 prime
8 domain-specific abstractions
- Exhibit design
- Film Preservation
- Microfadeometry
- Pile Insertion through a Backing
- Straw plaiting
- Supplementary weaving
- Thrumming (textiles)
- Type casting (typography)
Philosophy
The rational inquiry into the most general features of reality, knowledge, value, and meaning — including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, logic, philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, and philosophy of science. Distinct from Religious Studies by its non-confessional, argument-driven method, and the origin of many primes housed in the "Philosophical Abstractions" category. Canonical traditions: ancient (Plato, Aristotle), rationalism and empiricism, German idealism, phenomenology, analytic philosophy, pragmatism.
See also: Mathematics (logic), Linguistics & Semiotics (philosophy of language), Cognitive Science (philosophy of mind), Religious Studies & Theology, Political Science (political philosophy)
125 primes
- Abductive Reasoning
- Absence as Information
- Absence Of Evidence Vs Evidence Of Absence
- Abstraction
- Agency
- Alienation
- Analytic Reasoning
- Appeal to novelty
- Argument
- Argument from incredulity
- Aspectual Individual
- Assumption
- Autonomy
- Balance
- Boundary
- Bracketing
- Brandolini's Law
- Causal reasoning
- Causality
- Ceteris Paribus
- Chesterton's Fence
- Classification
- Commensurability
- Commitment
- Complementarity
- Consent
- Counterfactuals
- Criteria of Individuation
- Deductive Reasoning
- Determinism
- Dialectic
- Dilemma
- Downward Causation
- Epistemic Humility
- Epistemic Justice
- Epistemic Mode Of A Proposition
- Essentialism
- Evaluation
- Evidence
- Evidence-Fidelity Decay
- Fact-Value Distinction
- Fairness
- Fallacy Of Misplaced Concreteness
- Falsifiability
- Foreseeing (Prediction)
- Grand Narrative (Metanarrative)
- Ground Truth
- Hermeneutic Circle
- Hierarchy
- Holdout Set
- … and 75 more — see all
278 domain-specific abstractions
- Absolute Metaphor
- Abstract and concrete
- Abstract object theory
- Academic Approach
- Accidental necessity
- Akrasia
- Amor fati
- Ampliative
- Animistic fallacy
- Appeal to Emotion
- Appeal to the Stone
- Appeal to Wealth
- Argument from anecdote
- Argument to moderation
- Aristotle's theory of universals
- Atheist's wager
- Atheistic Existentialism
- Aufheben
- Baconian Method
- Basic limiting principle
- Beetle in a box
- Begging the Question
- Betrayal
- Buridan's ass
- Cambridge change
- Categorical proposition
- Causal adequacy principle
- Causal closure
- Causal Theory of Reference
- Causalism
- Classical Modal Logic
- Clifford's Principle
- Clockwork Universe
- Competing goods
- Composition of causes
- Conatus
- Conceptual necessity
- Conjunction Introduction
- Consequentialism
- Constructional System
- Constructive dilemma
- Constructivist epistemology
- Continuous predicate
- Declarative knowledge
- Deductive-nomological model
- Definiens
- Deflationary theory of truth
- Denotation
- Denying the Antecedent
- Descriptive interpretation
- … and 228 more — see all
Religious Studies & Theology
The academic study of religion — comparative religion, history of religions, doctrinal systems, ritual theory, hermeneutics, and the philosophy and sociology of religious life. Encompasses all major traditions (Abrahamic, Dharmic, East Asian, Indigenous, new religious movements) as peers rather than carving out any single tradition. Also includes systematic theology as its internal-to-tradition counterpart.
See also: Philosophy, History & Historiography, Sociology & Anthropology
1 prime
24 domain-specific abstractions
- Bhashya
- Circumambulation
- Dhāraṇā
- Dipolar theism
- Divine Hiddenness
- Euhemerism
- Grama (halacha)
- Idappaccayatā
- Karma
- Kyriarchy
- Lesser magistrate
- Pantheism
- Pizza Effect
- Providentialism
- Pudgalavada
- Queer theology
- Redemptive violence
- Sanctification in Christianity
- Theistic evolution
- Trifunctional Hypothesis
- Tropological reading
- True Form (Daoism)
- Tza'ar Ba'alei Chayim
- Zellij
Rhetoric
The systematic study and practice of persuasive discourse — identifying, crafting, and analyzing arguments suited to audiences, occasions, and purposes. Classically organized by five canons (invention, arrangement, style, memory, delivery) and three genres (forensic, deliberative, epideictic); modernly extended to include argumentation theory, rhetorical criticism, and visual / digital rhetoric. Canonical traditions: Isocrates, Aristotle's Rhetoric, Cicero, Quintilian, the Second Sophistic, medieval rhetoric as part of the trivium (with grammar and logic), the New Rhetoric (Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca, Burke, Toulmin's argument schema).
See also: Philosophy (especially dialectic and logic), Linguistics & Semiotics, Literature & Literary Theory, Communication & Media Studies, Political Science, Education & Pedagogy
11 primes
- Emphasis
- Enthymeme
- False Dilemma
- Identification
- Inoculation Theory
- Kairos
- Memory Palace (Method of Loci)
- Presupposition Smuggling
- Rhetorical Velocity
- Stasis
- Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy
85 domain-specific abstractions
- Accismus
- Ad Baculum (Appeal to Force)
- Ad Hominem
- Ad Misericordiam (Appeal to Pity)
- Ad Nauseam (Argument from Repetition)
- Ad Populum (Appeal to the People)
- Ad Verecundiam (Appeal to Authority)
- Antithesis
- Apologia
- Apostrophe (figure of speech)
- Appeal to consequences
- Appeal to probability
- Asyndeton
- Bulverism
- Catachresis
- Cherry Picking
- Chiasmus
- Chronological Snobbery
- Circular Reasoning
- Commonplace book
- Complex Question
- Concession
- Courtier's reply
- Digression
- Emotive Conjugation
- Epanodos
- Etymological fallacy
- Fallacy of Accident
- Fallacy of Composition
- Fallacy of Division
- False Equivalence
- False Precision
- Forensic Rhetoric
- Genetic Fallacy
- Guilt by Association
- Hendiadys
- Hypotyposis
- Hypozeuxis
- Invention (Rhetorical Canon)
- Invitational rhetoric
- Irrelevant conclusion
- Kairotic Window
- Kettle logic
- Lapalissade
- Litotes
- Logos
- Memory (Rhetorical Canon)
- Metanoia (rhetoric)
- Middle Ground Fallacy
- Mistakes were made
- … and 35 more — see all